医院–社区–家庭心脏康复对急性心梗PCI术后患者心血管事件发生的影响

Effect of Hospital-Community-Home Based Cardiac Rehabilitation on Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Acute Myocardial In-farction after PCI

摘要: 目的：探讨医院–社区–家庭心脏康复模式对急性心肌梗死患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)后心血管事件发生的影响。方法：采用便利抽样的方法，以在青岛市某三级甲等综合性医院心血管内科行PCI术的130例急性心肌梗死的患者作为研究对象，选取2019年3月~2019年5月符合条件的65例患者作为对照组；对照组患者康复满1年收集完所需资料后，再选择2020年5月~2020年7月符合入组条件的65例作为干预组。对照组患者接受常规心脏康复，干预组在对照组的基础上实施医院–社区–家庭心脏康复方案。比较两组患者主要心血管事件发生率。结果：干预组患者PCI术后心源性猝死、再发心肌梗死、再次血运重建、恶性心律失常、心绞痛等主要心血管事件发生率明显低于对照组(P < 0.01)。结论：应用医院–社区–家庭心脏康复模式可大大降低急性心肌梗死患者PCI术后的主要心血管事件发生率，值得推广。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the effect of hospital-community-home based cardiac rehabilitation model on cardiovascular events in patients with acute myocardial infarction after percutaneous coronary in-tervention (PCI). Methods: By convenient sampling, 130 patients with acute myocardial infarction who underwent PCI in Qingdao were enrolled. Among them, 65 eligible patients from March 2019 to May 2019 were selected as the control group. 65 patients who met the enrollment standards from May 2020 to July 2020 were selected as the intervention group after the patients in the control group recovered for one year. The patients in the control group received routine cardiac rehabilita-tion. The intervention group implemented a hospital-community-home based cardiac rehabilitation program on the basis of the control group. The incidence rate of major cardiovascular events was compared between the two groups. Results: The incidence of major cardiovascular events such as sudden cardiac death, recurrent myocardial infarction, revascularization, malignant arrhythmia and angina pectoris in the intervention group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.01). Conclusions: The application of hospital-community-home based cardiac rehabilitation model can greatly reduce the incidence of major cardiovascular events in patients with acute myo-cardial infarction after PCI, which is worthy of promotion.