认知加工偏向视角下的自我同情研究
A Study of Self-Compassion from a Cognitive Processing Bias Perspective
DOI: 10.12677/AP.2022.127305, PDF,   
作者: 李 雯, 林国耀：闽南师范大学教育科学学院，福建 漳州
关键词: 自我同情；认知加工；心理健康；Self-Compassion； Cognitive Processing； Mental Health
摘要: 自我同情是个体面对失败、不足或挫折时，自己向自己表达同情的能力。目前，有关自我同情的研究通常与个体的身心健康密切有关，运用于身心疾病的治疗和康复领域。近年来有学者聚焦于自我同情的认知加工过程，并发现自我同情通过认知加工的方式对个体的身心健康产生了一定的影响。该文从认知加工过程的角度，对自我同情的认知偏向(注意偏向、记忆偏向和解释偏向)相关研究进行回顾，通过对已有研究的分析与反思，对未来该领域的研究提出展望。
Abstract: Self-compassion is the ability of an individual to express sympathy to himself when faced with failure, inadequacy, or setback. Currently, research on self-compassion is often closely related to the physical and mental health of individuals and is applied in the field of treatment and rehabilitation of physical and mental illnesses. In recent years, some scholars have focused on the cognitive processing of self-compassion and found that self-compassion has an impact on individuals’ physical and mental health through cognitive processing. This article reviews the research on the cognitive biases (attention bias, memory bias and interpretation bias) of self-compassion from the perspective of cognitive processing, and through the analysis and reflection of the existing research, it presents an outlook for future research in this area.
文章引用：李雯, 林国耀 (2022). 认知加工偏向视角下的自我同情研究. 心理学进展, 12(7), 2567-2572. https://doi.org/10.12677/AP.2022.127305

参考文献

[1] 卞小华(2019). 自我同情对负性偏向的影响及干预. 博士学位论文, 上海: 华东师范大学.
[2] 陈彩琦, 付桂芳, 金志成, 李坚(2004). 认知过程中的捆绑问题——认知神经科学的研究. 心理科学, 27(3), 590-594.
[3] 陈丹妮(2019). 自我同情对抑郁情绪的影响研究以优势利用为中介. 硕士学位论文, 武汉: 武汉大学.
[4] 侯佳捷(2007). 大学生自我同情及其与心理健康的相关研究. 硕士学位论文, 重庆: 西南大学.
[5] 金国敏, 刘啸莳, 李丹(2020). 何不宽以待己? 自悯的作用机制及干预. 心理科学进展, 28(5), 824-832.
[6] 刘静远, 李虹(2019). 大学生认知评价在诱导的抑郁与注意偏向关系中的调节作用. 中国心理卫生杂志, 33(3), 220-226.
[7] 王莉(2017). 大学生自我同情水平对注意偏向的影响. 硕士学位论文, 开封: 河南大学.
[8] 张丽华, 张旭(2009). 认知加工偏向视野下的自尊研究. 心理学探新, 29(5), 42-45.
[9] 邹璐璐(2014). 不同自我同情水平大学生的注意特征研究. 硕士学位论文, 开封: 河南大学.
[10] Beck, A. T., & Haigh, E. A. (2014). Advances in Cognitive Theory and Therapy: The Generic Cognitive Model. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 10, 1-24.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[11] Brown, J. S., Collins, A., & Duguid, P. (1989). Si-tuated Cognition and the Culture of Learning. American Educational Research Association, 8, 32-42.[CrossRef] 
[12] Cisler, J. M., & Koster, E. H. W. (2010). Mechanisms of Attentional Biases towards Threat in Anxiety Disorders: An Integrative Review. Clinical Psychology Review, 30, 203-216.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[13] Everaert, J., Duyck, W., & Koster, E. H. W. (2014). Attention, Interpretation, and Memory Biases in Subclinical Depression: A Proof-of-Principle Test of the Combined Cognitive Biases Hypothesis. Emotion, 14, 331-340.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[14] Gerber, Z., & Anaki, D. (2019). Self-Compassion as a Buffer against Concrete but Not Abstract Threat. Death Studies, 43, 639-646.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[15] Giannou, K., Taylor, J. R., & Lander, K. (2020). Exploring the Relationship between Mindfulness, Compassion and Unfamiliar Face Identification. Journal of Cognitive Psychology (Hove, England), 32, 298-322.[CrossRef] 
[16] Hirsch, C. R., Clark, D. M., & Mathews, A. (2006). Imagery and Interpretations in Social Phobia: Support for the Combined Cognitive Biases Hypothesis. Behavior Therapy, 37, 223-236.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[17] Ho, S., Dai, D., Mak, C., & Liu, K. (2018). Cognitive Factors Associated with Depression and Anxiety in Adolescents: A Two-Year Longitudinal Study. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 18, 227-234.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[18] Johnson, E. A., & O’Brien, K. A. (2013). Self-Compassion Soothes the Savage Ego-Threat System: Effects on Negative Affect, Shame, Rumination, and Depressive Symptoms. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 32, 939-963.[CrossRef] 
[19] Leary, M. R., Tate, E. B., Adams, C. E., Batts Allen, A., & Hancock, J. (2007). Self-Compassion and Reactions to Unpleasant Self-Relevant Events: The Implications of Treating Oneself Kindly. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 92, 887-904.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[20] Mathews, A., & Macleod, C. (1994). Cognitive Approaches to Emotion and Emotional Disorders. Annual Review of Psychology, 45, 25-50.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[21] Mathews, A., & Macleod, C. (2005). Cognitive Vulnerability to Emotional Disorders. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 1, 167-195.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[22] Neff, K. (2003a). Self-Compassion: An Alternative Conceptualization of a Healthy Attitude toward Oneself. Self and Identity, 2, 85-101.[CrossRef] 
[23] Neff, K. D. (2003b). The Development and Validation of a Scale to Measure Self-Compassion. Self and Identity, 2, 223-250.[CrossRef] 
[24] Neff, K. D., & Germer, C. K. (2013). A Pilot Study and Randomized Controlled Trial of the Mindful Self-Compassion Program. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 69, 28-44.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[25] Rule, B. G., Taylor, B. R., & Dobbs, A. R. (1987). Priming Effects of Heat on Aggressive Thoughts. Social Cognition, 5, 131-143.[CrossRef] 
[26] Sirois, F. M., Molnar, D. S., & Hirsch, J. K. (2015). Self-Compassion, Stress, and Coping in the Context of Chronic Illness. Self and Identity, 14, 334-347.[CrossRef] 
[27] Surguladze, S., Brammer, M. J., Keedwell, P., Giampietro, V., Young, A. W., Travis, M. J., Phillips, M. L. et al. (2005). A Differential Pattern of Neural Response toward Sad versus Happy Facial Expressions in Major Depressive Disorder. Biological Psychiatry, 57, 201-209.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[28] Urban, E. J., Charles, S. T., Levine, L. J., & Almeida, D. M. (2018). Depression History and Memory Bias for Specific Daily Emotions. PLOS ONE, 13, e203574.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[29] Yip, V. T., & W., E. T. M. (2020). Self-Compassion and Attention: Self-Compassion Facilitates Disengagement from Negative Stimuli. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 5, 593-609.[CrossRef]