铁路材料的磨损损伤与失效及防护措施和未来展望

Wear Damage and Failure of Railway Materials and Their Protective Measures and Future Prospects

摘要: 随着社会经济的不断发展，我国交通运输迎来了发展的黄金时期，结合铁路运输中钢轨材料磨损对运输效果的影响以及磨损失效的影响，不仅会提高铁路部门在维修方面的成本支出，钢轨材料损伤带来的危害也容易埋下较大的安全隐患，交通部门做好钢轨材料的选择，如何有效认识钢轨材料的滚动磨损情况并进行改进工作以及铁路部门如何正确把握钢轨材料的磨损失效及其防护措施，便成为当前交通部门需要考虑的问题。本文列举了三种钢轨材料和一种车轮材料通过参考实验了解其磨损与损伤，以及列举一些钢轨材料的失效损伤形式和防护措施，为铁路钢轨、铁路实用材料的选材及预防伤损失效提供经验。

Abstract: With the continuous development of social economy, China’s transportation has ushered in a golden period of development. Combined with the impact of rail material wear on the transportation effect and the impact of wear failure in railway transportation, it will not only increase the cost of railway departments in terms of maintenance, but also the harm caused by rail material damage is likely to bury large potential safety hazards. The transportation department should make a good choice of rail materials. How to effectively understand and improve the rolling wear of rail materials, as well as how to correctly grasp the wear failure of rail materials and its protective measures, has become a problem to be considered by the current transportation department. This paper lists three kinds of rail materials and one kind of wheel material to under-stand their wear and damage through reference experiments, and lists some failure damage forms and protective measures of rail materials, providing experience for the selection of materials and prevention of damage and failure of railway rails and railway practical materials.