社会经济地位对城乡老年人多维健康的影响研究

Research on the Impact of Socioeconomic Status on the Multidimensional Health of Urban and Rural Elderly

摘要: 在乡村振兴与健康中国战略背景下，文章基于2017年中国综合社会调查(CGSS)数据，运用有序Logistic回归模型，从主观与客观两个角度将社会经济地位分为受教育程度、家庭收入水平以及主观社会经济地位三个指标，实证分析了社会经济地位对城乡老年人多维健康状况的影响。研究表明，受教育程度、家庭收入水平以及主观社会经济地位对老年人自评、生理、心理健康三个维度的影响均在1%的显著水平上且为正向相关；农村老年人的健康水平低于城市，但是农村老年人的健康状况更易受到受教育程度、收入等因素的影响。因此，应缩小城乡差距，提升农村老年人的收入和教育水平，促进城乡协调发展及健康公平性。

Abstract: In the context of China’s strategy of rural revitalization and health, based on the data of China Gen-eral Social Survey (CGSS) in 2017, this paper uses the ordered Logistic regression model to divide the socioeconomic status into three indicators, namely, education level, family income level and subjective socioeconomic status from the subjective and objective perspectives, and empirically an-alyzes the impact of socioeconomic status on the multidimensional health status of urban and rural elderly. Studies have shown that the impacts of education level, family income level and subjective socioeconomic status on the three dimensions of self-assessment, physiology and mental health of the elderly are all at the significant indigenous level of 1% and are positively correlated. The health level of the rural elderly is lower than that of the urban elderly, but the health status of the rural elderly is more susceptible to factors such as education level and income. Therefore, it is necessary to narrow the gap between urban and rural areas, improve the income and education level of rural elderly, and promote the coordinated development of urban and rural areas and health equity.