浅析王阳明“致良知”学说中自由的体现

A Brief Analysis of the Embodiment of Freedom in Wang Yangming’s “To the Conscience” Doctrine

摘要: 作为心学的集大成者，王阳明建立了一套以“良知”为核心的道德理论体系。其中，“心即理”、“知行合一”思想是整个“致良知”学说的理论和实践基础。就突出“良知”为理论上是非的判断标准和实践上的行为准则这方面而言，西方哲学家康德的自由意志学说展现出了与此在某种程度上的契合性。本文通过深入挖掘对比康德自由意志学说，体现出王阳明思想中的自由。

Abstract: As a master of mental studies, Wang Yangming established a set of moral theory systems with “conscience” as the core. Among them, the ideas of “mind is reason” and “unity of knowledge and action” are the theoretical and practical basis of the entire “to conscience” theory. In terms of highlighting “conscience” as a criterion for judging right and wrong in theory and a code of conduct in practice, the Western philosopher Kant’s doctrine of free will shows a certain degree of compatibility with this. This article compares Wang Yangming’s “to conscience” thought with Kant’s free will, reflecting the freedom in Wang Yangming’s doctrine.