社会互动和子女数量对老年人主观幸福感的影响研究——基于CGSS2018的实证分析

Influence of Social Interaction and Number of Children on Subjective Well-Being of the Elderly —Empirical Analysis Based on CGSS2018

摘要: 在现阶段我国经济高速平稳发展和人口老龄化程度严重的背景下，如何切实提升老年群体生活幸福感，越来越多的学者和政府开始重视这个问题。本文以2018年中国综合社会调查数据为基础，运用多元有序回归模型分析社会互动和子女数量对老年人主观幸福感的影响，并得出以下结论：第一，社会互动对老年人的主观幸福感有显著正向影响，高频率的社会互动有利于提升老年人的主观幸福感。第二，子女数量对老年人的主观幸福感有显著积极影响。基于以上的结论，对于如何切实有效地提升老年人的主观幸福感提出了相关建议，一是政府、社会和个人要鼓励老年人积极参与到社会互动中来；二是子女要为老人提供物质和精神支持；三是继续大力推进和完善老年人的继续教育体系。

Abstract: In the context of the rapid and stable development of China’s economy and the serious degree of population aging at the present stage, more and more scholars and governments begin to pay attention to the issue of how to effectively improve the life happiness of the elderly. Based on the data from China Comprehensive Social Survey in 2018, this paper uses multiple ordered regression model to analyze the influence of social interaction and the number of children on the subjective well-being of the elderly, and draws the following conclusions: Firstly, social interaction has a significant positive impact on the subjective well-being of the elderly, and high-frequency social interaction is conducive to improving the subjective well-being of the elderly. Second, the number of children has a significantly positive impact on the subjective well-being of the elderly. Based on the above conclusions, this paper puts forward relevant suggestions on how to effectively improve the subjective well-being of the elderly. First, the government, society and individuals should encourage the elderly to actively participate in social interaction. Second, children should provide material and spiritual support for the elderly. Third, continue to vigorously promote and improve the continuing education system for the elderly.