股东除名后的财产权保护研究

Research on the Protection of Property Rights after the Delisting of Shareholders

摘要: 有限责任公司诞生以来，就因其创设的人合性、内部规制的灵活性和有限责任的组织机制而受到青睐。然而股东除名制度作为有限责任公司的重要制度之一，在《公司法》的几次修改中却并没有得以具体体现，现有的关于股东除名制度的法律规定仅有《公司法司法解释(三)》第17条第一款。不论是除名事由的适用，还是除名程序的构建，都远远不足以应对股东除名制度的具体适用要求，实践中因个别股东原因导致团体利益受损、公司经营管理陷入僵局的情形频有发生，较为完备、系统的股东除名制度的缺失直接导致了有限责任公司及被除名股东外的其他股东的权益保护不力的困境。本文以被除名股东的财产权保护问题为研究对象，对比德国与美国的相关制度构建，以期能够对我国被除名股东财产权的保护略有助益。

Abstract: Since the birth of limited liability company, it has been favored because of its human cooperation, the flexibility of internal regulation and the organizational mechanism of limited liability. However, the shareholder delisting system, as one of the important systems of limited liability companies, has not been specifically reflected in several amendments to the company law. The existing legal provisions on the shareholder delisting system are only the first paragraph of Article 17 of the judicial interpretation of the company law (III). Neither the application of delisting reasons nor the construction of delisting procedures are far from enough to meet the specific application requirements of the shareholder delisting system. In practice, the group interests are damaged and the company’s operation and management are in a deadlock due to the reasons of individual shareholders. The lack of a relatively complete and systematic shareholder delisting system directly leads to the plight of the limited liability company and other shareholders except the delisted shareholders. This paper takes the property rights protection of the delisted shareholders as the research object, compares the relevant system construction in Germany and the United States, and hopes to be slightly helpful to the protection of the property rights of the delisted shareholders in China.