人工韧带在膝关节韧带重建中的应用进展
Application Progress of Artificial Ligament in Ligament Reconstruction of Knee Joint
DOI: 10.12677/ACM.2022.1281106, PDF,   
作者: 丁 浩*, 陈 赓：滨州医学院第二临床医学院，山东 烟台；阮水淼*：济南市章丘区人民医院，山东 济南；王光达#：烟台毓璜顶医院，山东 烟台；焦德林：青岛大学医学部，山东 青岛
关键词: 膝关节前后交叉韧带；交叉韧带重建术；人工韧带；性能；发展；Knee Joint Anterior and Posterior Cruciate Ligament； Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction； Artificial Ligament； Performance； Development
摘要: 膝关节前后交叉韧带是保障膝关节稳定性和正常运动的重要结构。随着生活水平的不断提高，人们对于运动的需求也在不断提高。但在开展运动项目时往往会带来运动损伤，在运动损伤的种类里，膝关节交叉韧带损伤占极高的比例。在高强度运动中，前交叉、后交叉韧带断裂或者同时断裂会严重影响膝关节稳定性及活动功能，甚至会带来胫侧副韧带或半月板的损伤。由于前后交叉韧带自身愈合能力较弱，断裂后的治疗主要以手术进行韧带重建进而恢复其功能为主。常用的材料有三种：分为自体移植物、同种异体移植物和人工韧带。其中，人工韧带因其良好的力学性能，手术流程简单，无移植物供体部位的并发症等优点而成为了热点材料。作者从前后交叉韧带的作用、人工韧带的发展历史、性能及发展趋势进行综述。
Abstract: The anterior and posterior cruciate ligament of knee joint is an important structure to ensure the stability and normal movement of knee joint. With the continuous improvement of people’s living standards, people’s demand for sports is also increasing. However, in the development of sports, it often brings sports injuries; in the types of sports injuries, knee cruciate ligament injury accounts for a very high proportion. In high-intensity exercise, the rupture or simultaneous rupture of ante-rior cruciate ligament and posterior cruciate ligament will seriously affect the stability and function of knee joint, and even lead to injury of tibial collateral ligament or meniscus. Due to the weak healing ability of the anterior and posterior cruciate ligament, the treatment after rupture is mainly surgical reconstruction of the ligament to restore its function. There are three commonly used ma-terials: autografts, allografts and artificial ligaments. Among them, artificial ligament has become a hot material because of its good mechanical properties, simple operation procedure and no compli-cations of graft donor site. The author reviews the function of anterior and posterior cruciate liga-ment, the development history, performance and development trend of artificial ligament.
文章引用：丁浩, 阮水淼, 王光达, 焦德林, 陈赓. 人工韧带在膝关节韧带重建中的应用进展[J]. 临床医学进展, 2022, 12(8): 7665-7673. https://doi.org/10.12677/ACM.2022.1281106

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