语义翻译和交际翻译视角下《你当像鸟飞往你的山》汉译本翻译研究

A Study of the Chinese Translation of Educated: A Memoir from the Perspective of Semantic and Communicative Translation

摘要: 《你当像鸟飞往你的山》采用第一人称的叙事方法，将作者本人的真实生活经历呈现给读者，从而拉进与读者的距离。该作品的中文译本销量超200万册，在中国读者中引起了极大反响，可以帮助读者了解教育的深刻意义，探索人生的价值。鉴于此，本文以塔拉•韦斯特弗所著的《你当像鸟飞往你的山》为研究对象，从语义翻译和交际翻译视角探讨文中修辞和语境翻译技巧。研究发现，该自传体小说作为一种常见的文学体裁，文中大量运用了各种修辞手法，译者在翻译过程中，最大程度地运用了语义翻译，而对于目的语读者不好理解之处则适当选择运用交际翻译，这样既可保留原文的文学性，忠实原文，又可兼顾目的语读者的表达习惯和接受程度，准确传达原文信息，从而更好地促进文化传播。

Abstract: Educated: A Memoir presents the author’s real life experience in the first-person narrative, thus closing the distance between the readers and the author. The Chinese version, which has sold over 2 million copies, is very popular among Chinese readers because it can help the target language readers understand the profound significance of education, and explore the value of life as well. In view of this, this paper takes the Chinese translation of Educated: A Memoir by Tara Westover as the research object, and discusses the translation skills in terms of figure of speech and context in the text from the perspective of semantic and communicative translation. The study finds that the autobiographical novel, as a common literary genre, uses a large number of rhetorical devices in the text. In the process of translation, the translator maximizes the use of semantic translation, and appropriately chooses communicative translation in rendering contents which are difficult for target readers to understand. In this way, the translator can retain the literariness of the original text, be faithful to the source text, take into account the expression habits and acceptance level of the target language readers, and accurately convey the information of the original text so as to better promote cultural communication.