福斯特对马克思“新陈代谢断裂”理论的解读及其启示

Forster’s Interpretation of Marx’s “Metabolism” Fracture and Its Enlightenment

摘要: 福斯特将“新陈代谢断裂”作为贯穿马克思思想的重要概念，详细剖析马克思“新陈代谢断裂”理论的产生与发展，提出“新陈代谢断裂”理论蕴含的劳动与自然双重内涵，同时阐述“新陈代谢断裂”对于正确理解和处理人与自然关系的重要价值。在此基础上，福斯特顺应时代的发展，对“新陈代谢断裂”理论进行了新的解读，赋予“新陈代谢断裂”理论新的自然与社会意义，分析造成“新陈代谢断裂”的根源在于资本主义制度，以及破除“新陈代谢断裂”可以通过以下三个途径：打破城乡对立、消解自然异化、变革资本制度。福斯特对“新陈代谢断裂”的解读，不仅对当下全球性生态危机具有积极的社会效应，警示人们对环境问题引起重视，也为我国生态文明建设扩宽了新的理论视野。

Abstract: Foster took “metabolic rupture” as an important concept throughout Marx’s thought. He analysed in detail the emergence and development of Marx’s theory of “metabolic rupture”, put forward the dual connotation of labour and nature contained in the theory of “metabolic rupture”. At the same time, he explained the importance of the “metabolic rupture” to the correct understanding and handling of the relationship between human beings and nature. On this basis, Foster gave a new interpretation to the theory of “metabolic rupture” in line with the development of the times, giving new natural and social significance to the theory of “metabolic rupture” and analysing the capitalist system as the root cause of the “metabolic rupture”, and there are three ways to break the “metabolic rupture”: breaking the urban-rural dichotomy, dissolving natural alienation, and changing the capitalist system. Foster’s interpretation of the “metabolic rupture” not only has a positive social effect on the current global ecological crisis, warning people to pay attention to environmental issues, but also broadens a new theoretical vision for the construction of ecological civilisation in China.