负性生活事件对初中生抑郁的影响：神经质的中介作用与社会支持的调节作用
The Effect of Negative Life Events on Depression in Junior High School Students: The Mediating Effect of Neuroticism and the Moderating Effect of Social Support
DOI: 10.12677/AP.2022.128352, PDF,    科研立项经费支持
作者: 王 婷：重庆文理学院，重庆市认知与心理健康重点实验室，重庆；吴希聪：重庆第一一0中学，重庆
关键词: 初中生；抑郁；负性生活事件；神经质；社会支持；Junior High School Students； Depression； Negative Life Events； Neuroticism； Social Support
摘要: 目的：考察负性生活事件对初中生抑郁的影响机制，探索神经质的中介作用以及社会支持的调节作用。方法：采用儿童抑郁量表、青少年负性生活事件量表、青少年社会支持量表、艾森克人格问卷简式量表中文版对1800名初中生进行问卷调查。结果：1) 负性生活事件、神经质和抑郁间呈显著正相关，社会支持与抑郁间呈显著负相关；2) 神经质在负性生活事件和抑郁之间的中介作用显著。3) 社会支持在负性生活事件与抑郁间的调节作用显著。结论：负性生活事件能够直接正向预测初中生的抑郁，也可以通过神经质这一中介变量预测抑郁，社会支持调节负性生活事件对抑郁的影响。
Abstract: Objective: To investigate the mechanism of negative life events on junior high school students’ depression, and to explore the mediating role of neuroticism and the moderating role of social support. Methods: 1800 junior high school students were surveyed by the Child Depression Scale, the Youth Negative Sexual events Scale, the youth Social support Scale and the Chinese version of Eysenck Personality Questionnaire. Results: 1) Negative life events, neuroticism and depression were positively correlated, while social support was negatively correlated with depression. 2) Neuroticism was a significant mediator between negative life events and depression. 3) Social support has a significant moderating effect on negative life events and depression. Conclusion: Negative life events can directly and positively predict depression in junior high school students, and neuroticism can also predict depression as a mediating variable. Social support moderates the effect of negative life events on depression.
文章引用：王婷, 吴希聪 (2022). 负性生活事件对初中生抑郁的影响：神经质的中介作用与社会支持的调节作用. 心理学进展, 12(8), 2938-2944. https://doi.org/10.12677/AP.2022.128352

参考文献

[1] 范兴华, 方晓义, 黄月胜, 陈锋菊, 余思(2018). 父母关爱对农村留守儿童抑郁的影响机制: 追踪研究. 心理学报, 50(9), 1029-1040.
[2] 郭学东, 李亚卿, 王立娜, 申继亮(2006). 社会支持在初中生生活事件与心理健康间的调节作用. 中国临床心理学杂志, 14(5), 530-531.
[3] 洪忻, 李解权, 梁亚琼, 王志勇, 徐斐(2012). 儿童抑郁量表中文版在中学生中的信效度分析. 中国学校卫生, 33(10), 1182-1185.
[4] 胡阳, 范翠英, 张凤娟, 谢笑春, 郝恩河(2014). 青少年网络受欺负与抑郁: 压力感与网络社会支持的作用. 心理发展与教育, 30(2), 177-184.
[5] 李大林, 黄梅, 陈维, 吴文峰(2019). 生活事件对初中生抑郁的影响: 自尊和反刍思维的链式中介作用. 心理发展与教育, 35(3), 352-359.
[6] 刘贤臣, 刘连启, 杨杰, 柴福勋, 王爱祯, 孙良民, 赵贵芳, 马登岱(1997). 青少年生活事件量表的信度效度检验. 中国临床心理学杂志, 5(1), 34-36.
[7] 马郑豫, 苏志强, 张大均(2018). 抑郁素质-压力理论在童年期的适用性: 一项纵向研究. 中国临床心理学杂志, 26(5), 960-965.
[8] 宋蕊, 李曼(2020). 社会支持与中学生抑郁的关系: 应对方式和心理弹性的链式中介作用. 中国健康心理学杂志, 28(9), 1392-1397.
[9] 王美萍, 郑晓洁, 夏桂芝, 刘迪迪, 陈翩, 张文新(2019). 负性生活事件与青少年早期抑郁的关系: COMT基因Val158Met多态性与父母教养行为的调节作用. 心理学报, 51(8), 903-913.
[10] 席畅, 凌宇, 钟明天, 刘莹, 周琦, 姚树桥, 蚁金瑶(2016). 神经质在大学生应激与抑郁关系中的调节作用. 中国临床心理学杂志, 24(4), 636-639.
[11] 杨会芹,刘晖, 周宁(2016). 社会支持在城市流动儿童生活事件与心理健康关系中的调节效应. 中国临床心理学杂志, 24(6), 1120-1122.
[12] 叶悦妹, 戴晓阳(2008). 大学生社会支持评定量表的编制. 中国临床心理学杂志, 16(5), 456-458.
[13] 张金勇, 赵守盈(2021). 社会支持对初中生心理韧性的影响: 生命意义感的中介作用. 贵州师范大学学报: 自然科学版, 39(6), 109-114.
[14] Ansell, E. B., Rando, K., Tuit, K., Guarnaccia, J., & Sinha, R. (2012). Cumulative Adversity and Smaller Gray Matter Volume in Medial Prefrontal, Anterior Cingulate, and Insula Regions. Biological Psychiatry, 72, 57-64.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[15] Cohen, S., & Wills, T. A. (1985). Stress, Social Support, and the Buffering Hypothesis. Psychological Bulletin, 98, 310-357.[CrossRef] 
[16] Gao, T., Xiang, Y. T., Zhang, H., Zhang, Z., & Mei, S. (2017). Neuroticism and Quality of Life: Multiple Mediating Effects of Smartphone Addiction and Depression. Psychiatry Research, 258, 457-461.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[17] Hawton, K., Casañas I Comabella, C., Haw, C., & Saunders, K. (2013). Risk Factors for Suicide in Individuals with Depression: A Systematic Review. Journal of Affective Disorders, 147, 17-28.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[18] Jackson, P. B. (1992). Specifying the Buffering Hypothesis: Support, Strain, and Depression. Social Psychology Quarterly, 55, 363-378.[CrossRef] 
[19] Kehoe, E. G., Toomey, J. M., Balsters, J. H., & Bokde, A. L. W. (2012). Personality Modulates the Effects of Emotional Arousal and Valence on Brain Activation. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 7, 858-870.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[20] Kendler, K. S., & Gardner, C. O. (2016). Depressive Vulnerability, Stressful Life Events and Episode Onset of Major Depression: A Longitudinal Model. Psychological Medicine, 46, 1865-1874.[CrossRef] 
[21] Kovacs (1992). The Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI) Manual.
[22] Monroe, S. M., & Simons, A. D. (1991). Diathesis-Stress Theories in the Context of life Stress Research: Implications for the Depressive Disorders. Psychological Bulletin, 110, 406-425.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[23] Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2012). Sources of Method Bias in Social Science Research and Recommendations on How to Control It. Annual Review of Psychology, 63, 539-569.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[24] Ramsawh, H. J., Ancoli-Israel, S., Sullivan, S. G., Hitchcock, C. A., & Stein, M. B. (2011). Neuroticism Mediates the Relationship between Childhood Adversity and Adult Sleep Quality. Behavioral Sleep Medicine, 9, 130-143.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[25] Riese, H., Snieder, H., Jeronimus, B. F., Korhonen, T., Rose, R. J., Kaprio, J., &Ormel, J. (2014). Timing of Stressful Life Events Affects Stability and Change of Neuroticism. European Journal of Personality, 28, 193-200.[CrossRef] 
[26] Roberts, Y. H., English, D., Thompson, R., & White, C. R. (2018). The Impact of Childhood Stressful Life Events on Health and Behavior in At-Risk Youth. Children and Youth Services Review, 85, 117-126.[CrossRef] 
[27] SörbergWallin, A., Koupil, I., Gustafsson, J. E., Zammit, S., Allebeck, P., & Falkstedt, D. (2019). Academic Performance, Externalizing Disorders and Depression: 26,000 Adolescents Followed into Adulthood. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 54, 977-986.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[28] Suzuki, M., Furihata, R., Konno, C., Kaneita, Y., Ohida, T., & Uchiyama, M. (2018). Stressful Events and Coping Strategies Associated with Symptoms of Depression: A Japanese General Population Survey. Journal of Affective Disorders, 238, 482-488.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[29] Timmermans, M., Van Lier, P. A. C., & Koot, H. M. (2010). The Role of Stressful Events in the Development of Behavioural and Emotional Problems from Early Childhood to Late Adolescence. Psychological Medicine, 40, 1659-1668.[CrossRef] 
[30] Uliaszek, A. A., Zinbarg, R. E., Mineka, S., Craske, M. G., Sutton, J. M., Griffith, J. W., Rose, R., Waters, A., & Hammen, C. (2010). The Role of Neuroticism and Extraversion in the Stress-Anxiety and Stress-Depression Relationships. Anxiety, Stress and Coping, 23, 363-381.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[31] Vander Stoep, A., Adrian, M., McCauley, E., Crowell, S. E., Stone, A., & Flynn, C. (2011). Risk for Suicidal Ideation and Suicide Attempts Associated with Co-Occurring Depression and Conduct Problems in Early Adolescence. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 41, 316-329.[CrossRef] 
[32] Yang, H. J., Chiu, Y. J., Soong, W. T., & Chen, W. J. (2008). The Roles of Personality Traits and Negative Life Events on the Episodes of Depressive Symptoms in Nonreferred Adolescents: A 1-Year Follow-Up Study. Journal of Adolescent Health, 42, 378-385.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[33] Zhen, R., Li, L., Liu, X., & Zhou, X. (2020). Negative Life Events, Depression, and Mobile Phone Dependency among Left-Behind Adolescents in Rural China: An Interpersonal Perspective. Children and Youth Services Review, 109, Article ID: 104688.[CrossRef]