污染土壤重金属修复的开放性实验

Open Experiment of Heavy Metal Remediation in Polluted Soil

摘要: 本文研究了不同浓度水杨酸对孔雀草生长和吸收土壤中重金属镉能力的影响。以镉超积累植物孔雀草为实验植物，在穴盘中种植孔雀草长至3~4片真叶，移栽至100 mg•kg−1镉污染土壤中，每隔5天向孔雀草地上部喷施不同浓度(0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 mmol•L−1)水杨酸，在种植70天后收获，测定孔雀草各部分生理指标及镉含量。结果表明：0.2 mmol•L−1水杨酸能够促进土壤中的镉向孔雀草地上部转移。可见，水杨酸能够提高孔雀草生长和吸收镉的能力，从而提高孔雀草修复镉污染土壤的效率。该实验具有综合性、开放性和创新性的特点，有利于培养学生的综合素质及创新能力。

Abstract: The effects of different concentrations of salicylic acid on the growth of Tagetes patula L. and its ability to absorb heavy metal cadmium in soil were studied. Taking Tagetes patula L., a cadmium hyperaccumulator, as the experimental plant, the Tagetes patula L. grew to 3~4 true leaves in the hole plate and transplanted to 100 mg•kg−1 cadmium polluted soil. Different concentrations of salicylic acid (0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 mmol•L−1) were sprayed on the upper part of Tagetes patula L. every 5 days. After planting for 70 days, the physiological indexes and cadmium content of each part of Tagetes patula L. were measured. The results showed that 0.2 mmol•L−1 salicylic acid could promote the transfer of cadmium in soil to the upper part of peacock grassland. It can be seen that salicylic acid can improve the growth and cadmium absorption capacity of Tagetes patula L., so as to improve the efficiency of Tagetes patula L. in repairing cadmium contaminated soil. The experiment has the characteristics of comprehensiveness, openness and innovation, which is conducive to cultivating students’ comprehensive quality and innovation ability.