光伏报废组件逆向物流回收网络规划研究

Research on the Planning of Reverse Logistics Recycling Network for Photovoltaic Scrap Modules

摘要: 我国光伏行业迅速发展。光伏产业在助力我国碳达峰、碳中和的同时，也产生了退役光伏产品造成环境污染的新问题。为应对将来会出现的光伏组件“报废潮”，本研究建立了一个以逆向物流网络总成本最小化和碳排放量成本最小化为目标，考虑客户区、回收中心、拆解处理中心、再制造中心以及废弃物处理机构的四层回收网络系统的混合整数规划模型(Mixed Integer Linear Program, MILP)来设计报废组件回收网络，借助Gurobi软件求解最优解，从而确定网络中的设施选址和各个节点的流量分配情况。最后，我们以山东省为应用研究对象，对山东省报废光伏组件回收网络进行规划设计，确定网络选址及流量分配，验证MILP模型的有效性，并希望为其他城市建立报废组件回收网络提供参考。

Abstract: China’s photovoltaic industry has developed rapidly. While helping China’s carbon peak and carbon neutrality, the photovoltaic industry has also created new problems of environmental pollution caused by decommissioned photovoltaic products. In order to cope with the future “end-of- life wave” of photovoltaic modules, this study established a Mixed Integer Linear Program model (MILP) to design a recycling network for end-of-life components. Consider that the model needs to match the reality, the model is based on a four-tier recycling network system that considers customer areas, recycling centers, dismantling centers, remanufacturing centers, and waste disposal agencies. This model aims to minimize the total cost of the reverse logistics network and minimize the cost of carbon emissions. We solve the optimal solution with the help of Gurobi software to determine the location of facilities in the network and the distribution of traffic to each node. Finally, taking Shandong Province as the application research object, we planned and designed the scrap photovoltaic module recycling network in Shandong Province, determined the network site selection and traffic distribution, verified the effectiveness of the MILP model. We hope that our research will provide a reference for other cities to establish end-of-life component recycling networks.