美国校园型社区花园建设策略研究

Examining the Construction Strategy of Campus Community Garden in the United States

摘要: 大学校园型社区花园满足社区民众对园艺空间和社会交往的需求，同时在环境和可持续发展教育、学生综合素质培养方面起着重要作用。为借鉴较成熟大学校园社区花园建设经验，对美国15个大学校园社区花园进行了调查。结果显示：美国校园型社区花园数量众多；从位置上看，校园内和校园外几千米处均有分布；面积从十几平方米到几万平方米不等；管理和运行模式上，多是学生作为主体参与管理，资金来源有CSA、学校专项资金、校友和企业捐助等模式；植物种植上，提倡有机种植和植物多样性搭配；功能上，以园艺、环境、可持续发展教育为主，同时注重与社区的联系。在总结美国校园型社区花园的基础上，提出了我国校园型社区花园建设的对策和建议。

Abstract: University campus community garden meets people’s needs for horticultural space and social communication, at the same time, it plays an important role in environmental and sustainable development education and the cultivation of students’ comprehensive quality. In order to learn from the mature experience of community gardens on college campuses in the United States, a survey was conducted on 15 college campus community gardens in the United States. Results: There are plenty of campus community gardens in the United States. In terms of the location, they exist both on-campuses and a few miles outside. Size ranges from ten square meters to more than tens of thousands of square meters. From the management and operation mode’s point of view, most of which is the participation of students in management. The sources of funds include CSA mode, as well as school special funds, alumni, and enterprise donations. Regarding plant planting, organic planting is advocated as well as the diversity of plants. Functionally, it focuses on horticulture education, environmental and sustainable development education, while promoting community contacts. On the basis of summing up the American campus community gardens, this paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for the construction of campus community garden in China.