2022年初贵阳机场三次雨雪天气过程对比分析

Comparison and Analysis of the Three Freezing Rain and Snow Events in Guiyang Airport in Early 2022

摘要: 利用常规观测资料及FNL 1˚ × 1˚再分析资料，采用合成、诊断和对比的方法，对2022年初贵阳机场出现的三次雨雪天气过程的环流形势和物理量场异同点展开分析，结果表明：三次雨雪过程分别对应了“Ω”流型的酝酿、建立、崩溃阶段，南支槽、切变、低空急流提供抬升和水汽条件；地面锋面活动影响雨雪天气的发生；孟加拉湾和南海是水汽源地，水汽输送主要来自大气中层；湿层厚度、云顶温度、逆温层结、上升运动等的差异造成三次过程降水强度和相态的不同。

Abstract: Using datasets of conventional observations and FNL reanalysis grid data with 1˚ × 1˚ resolution, and select methods of synthesis, diagnosis and comparison, we have analyzed the three freezing rain and snow event in Guiyang Airport in early 2022. The main results are as follow. The three processes corresponded to the brewing, the establishment and the collapse of the “Ω” synoptic situation, respectively, the south branch trough, the shear line and the low level jet provided upward movement condition and water vapor conditions. The frontal activities affected the occurrence of events. Water vapor came from the bay of Bengal, the South China Sea and the middle atmosphere. The height of the wet layer, the temperature of the cloud top, the inversion stratification and the upward movement have important influence on the difference of the three events and the precipitation phases.