寿光市2021年气候变化特征分析

Analysis on the Characteristics of Climate Change in Shouguang City in 2021

摘要: 基于寿光市2021年气温、降水、日照、风等气象要素观测资料，统计分析了寿光2021年气温、降水、日照要素变化特征。结果表明，1) 2021年，寿光市年平均气温14.4℃，较常年偏高，位列有气象记录以来历史第四位高值；1月7日平均气温−13.7℃，突破该日平均气温有气象记录以来的历史最低值，极端最低气温−18.1℃，突破1月上旬历史同期低温纪录；2月平均气温5.2℃，与2002年并列为寿光有气象记录以来同期第二位高值；2月21日最高气温27.7℃，突破寿光有气象记录以来2月历史同期最高值；12月平均气温2.5℃，创寿光有气象记录以来历史同期最高值；2) 年降水量895.4 mm，较常年偏多，为寿光1991年以来第一位多值，有气象记录以来历史第四位多值；8月下旬旬降水量105.6 mm，为寿光有气象记录以来历史同期第四位多值。9~10月降水量222.7 mm，为历史同期第一位多值；年降水日数91 d，为1991年以来最多值，为寿光有气象记录以来第三位多值。9~10月降水日数22 d，为历史同期第二位多值；3) 年日照时数2306.9 h，较常年偏少，位列有气象记录以来历史第7位少值；8月下旬旬日照时数41.4小时，为寿光有气象记录以来历史同期第四位少值；4) 年平均风速为1.9 m/s，较常年偏小；年大风日数25 d，为寿光有气象记录以来历史同期第一位多值；5) 2021年寿光市冬、夏、秋季节气温均偏高，春季平均气温与常年持平；四季降水均偏多；冬季日照偏多，春、夏、秋季日照偏少。

Abstract: Based on the observation data of temperature, precipitation, sunshine, wind and other meteorological elements in Shouguang City in 2021, the change characteristics of temperature, precipitation and sunshine elements in Shouguang City in 2021 are statistically analyzed. The results show that: 1) in 2021, the annual average temperature of Shouguang City was 14.4˚C, which was higher than that of the whole year, ranking the fourth highest in history since the meteorological records; The average temperature on January 7 was −13.7˚C, breaking through the historical lowest value of the average temperature on that day since the meteorological records, and the extreme lowest temperature was −18.1˚C, breaking through the low temperature record of the same period in the history in the first ten days of January; The average temperature in February was 5.2˚C, which was the second highest value in the same period since Shouguang had meteorological records in 2002; The highest temperature on February 21 was 27.7˚C, breaking through the highest value in the same period in February since Shouguang had meteorological records; The average temperature in December is 2.5˚C, and the highest value in the same period in history since Shouguang had meteorological records; 2) The annual precipitation is 895.4 mm, which is higher than that of the whole year. It is the first multi value in Shouguang since 1991 and the fourth multi value in history since the meteorological records; The precipitation in late August was 105.6 mm, which was the fourth multi value in the same period since Shouguang had meteorological records. The precipitation from September to October is 222.7 mm, which is the first multi value in the same period in history; The number of annual precipitation days is 91 d, the highest since 1991, and the third highest since Shouguang has meteorological records. The number of precipitation days from September to October is 22 d, which is the second multi value in the same period in history; 3) The annual sunshine duration is 2306.9 h, which is less than that of the whole year, ranking the seventh lowest in history since the meteorological records; The sunshine hours in late August were 41.4 hours, the fourth lowest value in the same period since Shouguang had meteorological records; 4) The annual average wind speed is 1.9 m/s, which is smaller than that of the whole year; The annual number of strong wind days is 25 d, which is the first multi value in the same period since Shouguang has meteorological records; 5) In 2021, the solar term temperatures in winter, summer and autumn in Shouguang City were higher, and the average temperature in spring was the same as that in the whole year; There is more precipitation in all seasons; There is more sunshine in winter and less sunshine in spring, summer and autumn.