丹寨县近50a气温及降水变化特征分析

Analysis of Temperature and Precipitation Variation Characteristics in Danzhai County in Recent 50 Years

摘要: 为进一步认识丹寨县气温和降水气候背景，更好地开发利用山地气候资源，本文使用Morlet小波分析方法，对1972~2021年丹寨县年平均气温和年降水量变化特征进行分析。结果表明：近50a丹寨县年平均气温和年降水量总体呈上升趋势，年平均气温在变化过程中存在着29a、13a以及6a的准周期。在29a尺度上出现了冷–暖交替的准3次震荡，在13a时间尺度上存在准6次震荡，6a时间尺度上存在准12次震荡。年降水量在变化过程中的第一主周期为38a，该尺度周期波动能量最强，在38a时间尺度上大约经历了2个丰–枯转换期。从6a、22a时间尺度来看，降水变化和气温变化位相大致相反，即呈干暖、冷湿结构排列。从13a、29a、38a时间尺度来看，降水变化和气温变化位相大致相同，即呈干冷、暖湿结构排列。

Abstract: In order to further understand the climate background of temperature and precipitation in Danzhai county and better develop and utilize mountain climate resources, this paper used Morlet wavelet analysis method to analyze the change characteristics of annual average temperature and annual precipitation in Danzhai county from 1972 to 2021. The results show that the annual average temperature and annual precipitation in Danzhai county have an overall upward trend in the past 50 years, and there are quasi cycles of 29a, 13a and 6a in the change process of the annual average temperature. There are quasi-3 cold warm oscillations on the 29a scale, quasi-6 oscillations on the 13a time scale and quasi-12 oscillations on the 6a time scale. The first main period of annual precipitation in the change process is 38a, and the fluctuation energy of this scale period is the strongest, and it has experienced about two wet dry transition periods on the 38a time scale. From the time scale of 6a and 22a, the phase of precipitation change and temperature change is roughly opposite, that is, it is arranged in a dry warm, cold wet structure. From the time scales of 13a, 29a and 38a, the phase of precipitation change and temperature change is roughly the same, that is, it is arranged in a dry cold, warm and wet structure.