老子“无为而治”治世思想的建构性后现代阐释

The Constructive Postmodern Interpretation of Laozi’s Thought of “Governing by Doing Nothing”

摘要: 老子所著《道德经》是先秦道家的重要经典，其书在消极意义上对“道”的一个基本界定是“反者道之动”。在这样的思想前提下，老子进而主张“无为而治”的治世思想。这一“无为而无不为”的“非霸权”思想主张与西方二十世纪中期以来“反基础”“反霸权”的后现代思想有着共通的隐喻。如今在重温国学的热潮下，我们要立足于时代来品读经典。本文正是通过“后现代”这一时代特征来重温和阐释《道德经》中深刻的政治思想。

Abstract: The Tao Te Ching written by Lao Zi is an important classic of pre-Qin Taoism. In its negative sense, a basic definition of “Tao” is “the movement of the Tao”. Under the premise of this thought, Lao-tzu further advocated the thought of “governance without interference”. This “non-hegemonic” thought of “doing nothing but doing everything” has a common metaphor with the western post-modern thought of “anti-foundation” and “anti-hegemonic” since the middle of the 20th century. Now in the review of the upsurge of sinology, we should be based on the Times to read classics. This article is to review and explain the profound political thoughts in the Tao Te Ching through the characteristics of the era of “postmodernism”.