悲观者与乐观者情绪性信息更新的差异

Differences between Emotional Information Updating of the Pessimists and Optimists

摘要: 本研究将被试的乐观–悲观程度作为自变量，将积极、中性、消极三种情绪面孔图片作为刺激材料，采用2-back任务范式考察不同乐观–悲观程度被试完成情绪性信息更新任务时正确率和反应时的差异。实验结果显示：乐观倾向组在情绪面孔图片在工作记忆的情绪性信息更新的任务中，无论是正确率还是反应时的结果都优于悲观倾向组；在工作记忆情绪性信息更新中建立的联结的种类中，乐观倾向组的正–正联结、正–负联结正确形成的反应时较悲观倾向组短，这一差异极其显著。由此，乐观/悲观水平似乎与工作记忆中的某些认知机制有关，这些机制可能在情绪调节中发挥作用。

Abstract: In the study, degree of optimism and pessimism of the subjects was used as independent variable, positive/neutral/negative emotional facial pictures were used as stimulus materials, and 2-back task paradigm was used to investigate accuracy and reaction time differences in emotional information update task completed by optimism/pessimism subjects. The result shows that the optimism individuals update the emotional content more quickly and accurately than their pessimism counterparts. In addition, reaction time of optimism individuals forming connection among positive stimuli and among positive and negative representations in WM was extremely less than pessimism subjects. It appears, therefore, that levels of optimism/pessimism are related to certain cognitive mechanisms in WM that may play a role in emotion regulation.