机械敏感性离子通道与神经调控

Mechanosensitive Ion Channels and Neuromodulation

摘要: 机械敏感性离子通道广泛存在于细菌、哺乳动物等各种生物体当中。它是一种普遍位于细胞内膜的蛋白质，这些膜蛋白可使一些离子通过蛋白内的孔穿过膜屏障，从而影响细胞的一些相关功能，进一步对机体产生影响。神经调控技术是通过侵入性或非侵入性技术，利用物理性(光、磁、电、超声)或化学性手段改变神经系统功能的生物医学工程技术。通过改变神经系统信号的传递进而影响神经元及其所在神经网络的活动性，最终改变神经元的功能和神经环路连接。本文章主要对目前常见的机械敏感性离子通道在相关神经调控技术中的研究进展作一概述。

Abstract: Mechanically sensitive ion channels exist widely in bacteria, mammals and other organisms. It is a kind of protein commonly located in the inner membrane of the cell. These membrane proteins can make some ions pass through the pores in the protein and pass through the membrane barrier, thus affecting some related functions of the cell and further affecting the body. Neuroregulation technology is a biomedical engineering technology that uses physical (light, magnetic, electrical, ul-trasound) or chemical means to change the function of the nervous system through invasive or non-invasive technology. By changing the transmission of nervous system signals, we can adjust the activity of neurons and their neural networks, and finally achieve changes in neuronal function and neural loop connections, such as neuronal plasticity and neural loop remodeling. This article mainly discusses the research progress of common mechanically sensitive ion channels in related neural regulation techniques.