新冠肺炎疫情期间核酸采样人员心理现状及影响因素分析

Analysis of the Psychological Status and Influencing Factors of Nucleic Acid Sampling Personnel during the Pandemic of COVID-19

摘要: 目的：调查西安市新冠肺炎疫情期间核酸采样人员焦虑抑郁现状并进行影响因素分析，为改善其心理健康状况提供参考。方法：选取330名西安市一线核酸采样人员作为调查对象，利用问卷星制作问卷，内容包括一般人口学资料、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)，分析核酸采样人员焦虑、抑郁现状，通过多元线性回归分析探讨核酸采样人员焦虑抑郁症状的影响因素。结果：核酸采样人员轻度、中度、重度焦虑症状检出率分别为8.48%、3.33%、1.82%；轻度、中度、重度抑郁症状检出率分别为48.48%、29.09%、1.82%。工作时防护物资是否充足、是否自愿参加核酸采集人群的SAS评分差异有统计学意义(p < 0.05)，不同年龄、专业、工作年限、学历人群的SDS评分差异有统计学意义(p < 0.05)。多元线性回归分析显示：工作时防护物资充足人群焦虑程度显著低于不充足人群，自愿参加核酸采集人群焦虑程度显著低于非自愿人群，对新冠愈恐惧人群焦虑程度越高(p < 0.01)；年龄、专业、工作年限、学历以上因素对于抑郁均无显著影响(p > 0.05)。结论：西安市COVID-19流行期间，核酸采样人员存在不同程度的焦虑、抑郁情绪，在组织核酸采样工作时，医院应采取相应的心理干预措施保证核酸采样人员的心理健康。

Abstract: Objective: To analyze the anxiety and depression status and related factors of nucleic acid sampling personnel during the epidemic period of COVID-19, in order to provide reference for improving their mental health status. Method: A total of 330 nucleic acid sampling personnel in Xi’an were se-lected as the survey object, and the questionnaire star was used to make a questionnaire, including general demographic data, self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS), to analyze the current situation of anxiety and depression of nucleic acid sampling personnel. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of anxiety and depression symptoms. Results: The detection rates of mild, moderate and severe anxiety symptoms in nucleic acid sampling personnel were 8.48%, 3.33% and 1.82% respectively, and the detection rates of mild, moderate and severe depressive symptoms were 48.48%, 29.09% and 1.82%, respectively. There were significant differences (p < 0.05) in SAS scores of people with sufficient protective mate-rials and voluntary participation in nucleic acid collection at work, and there were significant dif-ferences (p < 0.05) in SDS scores among people of different ages, majors, working years and aca-demic qualifications. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the anxiety degree of people with sufficient protective materials at work was significantly lower than that of people with insuffi-cient protective materials, and the degree of anxiety of people who voluntarily participated in nu-cleic acid collection was significantly lower than that of involuntary people, and the higher the de-gree of anxiety of people who were afraid of COVID-19 (p < 0.01). Age, major, working years, or edu-cational factors had no significant effect on depression (p > 0.05). Conclusion: During the epidemic of COVID-19 in Xi’an, the nucleic acid sampling personnel had anxiety and depression to different degrees. When organizing the nucleic acid sampling, the hospital should take corresponding psy-chological intervention measures to ensure the mental health of the nucleic acid sampling person-nel.