铝板焊接过程中温度场的有限元模拟

Finite Element Simulation of Temperature Field during Aluminum Plate Welding

摘要: 铝制结构广泛应用于车辆、航空等多个领域，焊接技术在铝制品应用过程中发挥着重要作用，准确预测铝制品在焊接过程中温度场分布和变化规律，对焊接理论以及工程实际具有重要的指导意义。本文基于COMSOL软件，模拟了300 mm * 150 mm * 8 mm的I型坡口的铝板焊件的焊接过程，主要讨论高斯热源、双椭球热源和组合热源模型下，焊接温度场分布和变化规律。研究发现，随着热源模型的改进，焊缝区域的温度场逐渐增大；在双椭球热源模型下，随着形状参数的增大，研究区域内的温度逐渐减小；在组合热源模型下，随着焊接参数的增大，焊缝区域内的温度场逐渐减小。本文得出的结论对焊接工艺的改进具有指导意义。

Abstract: Aluminum structure is widely used in many fields such as vehicles and aviation. Welding technology plays an important role in the application of aluminum products. Accurately predicting the distribution and variation of temperature field of aluminum products in the welding process has important guiding significance for welding theory and engineering practice. Based on COMSOL software, this paper simulates the welding process of 300 mm * 150 mm * 8 mm type I groove aluminum plate welding parts, mainly discusses the distribution and variation of temperature field under Gauss heat source, double ellipsoid heat source and combined heat source model. It is found that with the improvement of heat source model, the temperature field of weld zone increases gradually. In the double ellipsoid heat source model, with the increase of shape parameters, the temperature in the study area will gradually decrease. In the combined heat source model, with the increase of welding parameters, the temperature field in the weld zone gradually decreases. The conclusions drawn in this paper have certain guiding significance to the improvement of welding process.