淄博市极端短时强降水时空分布特征

Temporal and Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Extreme Short-Time Heavy Rainfall in Zibo

摘要: 利用2017~2021年4~10月淄博市地面气象观测站逐小时1 mm以上降水量观测资料，采用百分位法计算极端降水阈值，统计分析淄博市极端短时强降水时空分布特征。主要结论如下：1) 淄博极端短时强降水分布与鲁中山区的地形特征有着密切的联系，南部山区极端短时强降水的阈值和强度都大于北部平原地区。2) 淄博极端短时强降水频次和强度均有明显的月变化和日变化特征。8月频次最多，6月强度最大。极端短时强降水多出现于午后到前半夜，后半夜到上午相对较少；傍晚到前半夜降水强度更大。

Abstract: Using the densely-observed hourly precipitation (>1 mm) data of the automatic weather stations and the national meteorological stations in Zibo City from April to October 2017 to 2021, the temporal and spatial distribution of short-duration extreme rainfall are studied. Several results are followed: 1) The distribution characteristics of extreme short-term heavy precipitation in Zibo are closely related to the topographic characteristics of the mountainous area. The threshold and intensity of extreme short-term heavy precipitation in the southern mountainous area are larger than those in the northern plains. 2) The frequency and intensity of extreme short-term heavy precipitation in Zibo have obvious monthly and daily variation characteristics. The frequency is the highest in August and the intensity is the highest in June. Extreme short-term heavy precipitation mostly occurs in the afternoon to the first half of the night, and relatively less from the second half of the night to the morning; the precipitation is more intense from the evening to the first half of the night.