大数据时代自由的境遇——基于恩格斯的自由观

The Situation of Freedom in the Era of Big Data—Based on Engels’ View of Freedom

摘要: 大数据时代开启了一次重大的时代转型，给人类认识世界与改造世界带来便利的同时也给人类的自由带来挑战，自由的境遇问题被提出。恩格斯在《反杜林论》中，从改造世界的唯物主义出发，正确认识了自由和必然的现实性、具体性和历史性，并从认识维度、实践维度、历史维度阐述了马克思主义的自由观。基于恩格斯的自由观，大数据时代的自由实现了认识维度上对自然、社会与人自身的突破、实践维度上对自由的解蔽与数据依赖、以及历史维度上向自由王国迈出了关键一步。

Abstract: The era of big data has ushered in a major transformation of the times, which not only brings convenience to human beings in understanding and transforming the world, but also challenges human freedom. The question of human freedom was raised. In “Anti-Dühring”, Engels correctly analyzed the reality, concreteness and historicity of freedom and inevitability from the materialism of transforming the world, and expounded the Marxist concept of freedom from the dimensions of cognition, practice and history. Based on Engels’ view of freedom, the view of freedom in the era of big data has achieved a breakthrough in nature, society and people themselves in the cognitive dimension, a deconstruction of freedom and data dependence in the practical dimension, and has taken a key step in the historical dimension towards the kingdom of freedom.