黑龙江省城市工业污染时空演变特征分析

Analysis of the Spatial and Temporal Evolution of Industrial Pollution in Urban Heilongjiang Province

摘要: 工业污染目前已成为影响人类健康、社会进步与可持续发展的热点问题，引起了全球的高度关注。本文通过时间与空间两个角度对黑龙江省2001至2016年的工业废气、废水、固体废物、粉(烟)尘及二氧化硫数据进行分析，结果发现：从时间角度分析，黑龙江省近15年内工业废水和粉尘排放量明显减少，然而工业废气、固体废物和二氧化硫呈现增长趋势，其中经济发达城市对于废水与粉尘治理效果良好，发展中城市五大污染物排放量均呈上升趋势，仍需要加大监管力度；从空间角度分析，黑龙江省城市工业污染重心始终处在省西南地区，十年内迁移变化不明显。因此，对于黑龙江省西南地区经济发达城市工业应重点监察、定期监测，经济发展中地区应引进新兴技术，推动绿色清洁生产。

Abstract: Industrial pollution has now become a hot issue affecting human health, social progress and sustainable development, and has attracted great attention worldwide. This paper analyzes industrial waste gas, wastewater, solid waste, dust and sulfur dioxide data in Heilongjiang Province from 2001 to 2016 from both time and space perspectives, and finds that: from the time perspective, industrial wastewater and dust emissions in Heilongjiang Province have decreased significantly in the past 15 years, however, industrial waste gas, solid waste and sulfur dioxide show an increasing trend, among which economically developed cities have a good effect on However, industrial waste gas, solid waste and sulfur dioxide show an increasing trend, among which economically developed cities have a good effect on wastewater and dust management, while developing cities have an increasing trend in emissions of the five major pollutants, which still need more supervision; from a spatial perspective, the center of gravity of urban industrial pollution in Heilongjiang Province has always been in the southwestern part of the province, with no significant migration changes within ten years. Therefore, industries in economically developed cities in the southwest of Heilongjiang Province should be focused on supervision and regular monitoring, and new technologies should be introduced in economically developing areas to promote green and clean production.