基于γ-聚谷氨酸的纳米颗粒制备及吸附性能的分析

Preparation and Adsorption Property Analysis of Nanoparticles Based on γ-Polyglutamate Acid

摘要: 本文以壳聚糖(chitosan, CS)和γ-聚谷氨酸(γ-polyglutamic acid, PGA)为主要原料，加入三聚磷酸钠(sodium tripolyphosphate, STPP)、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(polyvinylpyrrolidone, PVP)作为螯合剂与稳定剂，制备纳米颗粒并用于重金属离子吸附。为探究基于PGA纳米粒对重金属离子Cu²⁺、Co²⁺竞争性吸附特性的影响，利用单因素及正交实验确定纳米颗粒的制备工艺，并利用粒径分析仪对其粒径大小和粒径分布(particle size distribution, PDI)进行测定。结果表明，最佳配比：PGA浓度为0.6%、STPP浓度为0.1%、PVP浓度为0.2%、CS浓度为0.02%时，纳米颗粒的粒径大小为322.5 nm，PDI为0.144；PGA基纳米粒对Cu²⁺、Co²⁺的吸附率分别为75.64%和82.35%。因此，以生物基PGA和CS为原材料制备的纳米颗粒具有用于重金属离子吸附的潜力。

Abstract: Nanoparticls of γ-Polyglutamic acid (PGA) and chitosan (CS) as matrix were prepared by adding sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP), polyethylene pyrrolidone (PVP) as chelating agent and stabilizer. And the heavy ions adsorption of the products was evaluated. In order to investigate the effect of PGA nanoparticles on the competitive adsorption characteristics of heavy metal ions Cu²⁺ and Co²⁺, single factor and orthogonal experiments were used to determine the preparation process of nanoparticles, and particle size analyzer was used to determine the size and distribution of nanoparticles. The results showed that when the optimal condition was 0.6% PGA, 0.1% STPP, 0.2% PVP and 0.02% CS, the particle size of the nanoparticles and the PDI was 322.5 nm and 0.144, respectively, and the adsorption rate of PGA-based nanoparticles for Cu²⁺ and Co²⁺ reached 75.64% and 82.35%, respectively. Therefore, nanoparticles prepared with bio-based PGA and CS as raw materials have the potential to be used for heavy metal ion adsorption.