硝化–反硝化滤池处理海水养殖对虾废水研究

Study on the Treatment of Shrimp Mariculture Wastewater by Nitrification-Denitrification Filter

摘要: 采用硝化–反硝化滤池处理对虾养殖废水现有处理工艺未达标排水，在广东某养殖基地开展实验。针对废水高无机氮的特点，探究硝化–反硝化工艺的可行性、评估耐盐硝化菌剂的作用及摸索碳源添加量。结果表明，与未添加菌剂相比，添加硝化菌剂可将硝化滤池启动时间由11 d缩短至5 d，但稳定运行后对氨氮去除无影响；反硝化滤池最佳葡萄糖添加量为40 mg/L，出水无机氮、COD_Mn分别为1.10~1.92 mg/L、3.98~17.30 mg/L，稳定满足《海水养殖尾水排放要求》修订稿(征求意见稿)二级排放标准，处理成本0.17元/m³，技术、经济上均具有可行性。

Abstract: The nitrification-denitrification filter was adopted to treat shrimp wastewater, which was not up to the standard by using the existing treatment technology. Experiments were conducted in a breeding base in Guangdong. According to the characteristics of high inorganic nitrogen in wastewater, the feasibility of nitrification-denitrification process, the role of salt tolerant nitrifying bacteria and actual amount of carbon source were investigated. The results show that, the start-up time of nitrifying filter can be shortened from 11 days to 5 days by adding nitrifying bacteria, and there is no better effect on ammonia nitrogen removal in stable operation. The optimal glucose dosage in denitrification filter was 40 mg/L, the inorganic nitrogen and COD_Mn in the effluent were 1.10~1.92 mg/L and 3.98~17.30 mg/L, respectively, which all steadily reached the Grade II in requirement for Water Drainage Standard for Sea Water Mariculture (Revised Draft). The treatment cost per ton wastewater was 0.17 yuan/m³, which is technically and economically feasible.