支气管镜在涂阴肺结核诊断中的应用价值
Application Value of Bronchoscopy in the Diagnosis of Smear-Negative Pulmonary Tuberculosis
摘要: 肺结核(pulmonary tuberculosis, PTB)是由结核分枝杆菌感染引起的一种慢性传染性疾病，也是备受全球关注的公共社会问题。目前，痰中抗酸杆菌的显微镜检查是一个快速、简单、有效的检测方法，同时，痰培养也是临床确诊肺结核的“金标准”，但由于其特异性高，敏感性较差，痰涂片及痰培养的阳性率低，在所有肺结核患者中仅占30%~40%。近年来，支气管镜技术被广泛应用于临床，在肺结核的诊断、鉴别诊断和治疗等方面发挥了巨大的作用。本文探讨研究了支气管镜在涂阴肺结核患者中的诊断价值及局限性，为临床早期诊断提供更加可靠的依据。
Abstract: Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, and it is also a public social problem of global concern. At present, the microscopic exam-ination of acid-fast bacilli in sputum is a rapid, simple and effective detection method. At the same time, sputum culture is also the “gold standard” for clinical diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. However, due to its high specificity and poor sensitivity, sputum smear, the positive rate of sputum culture and sputum culture is low, accounting for only 30% to 40% of all pulmonary tuberculosis patients. In recent years, bronchoscopy has been widely used in clinical diagnosis, differential di-agnosis and treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis and played a huge role. This article discusses the diagnostic value and limitations of bronchoscopy in patients with smear-negative pulmonary tu-berculosis, and provides a more reliable basis for early clinical diagnosis.
文章引用：巩盼, 李建龙, 方玮玮. 支气管镜在涂阴肺结核诊断中的应用价值[J]. 临床医学进展, 2022, 12(10): 8919-8923. https://doi.org/10.12677/ACM.2022.12101288

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