毛细支气管炎婴幼儿发生哮喘的相关因素分析

Analysis of Related Factors of Asthma in Infants with Bronchiolitis

摘要: 目的：研究毛细支气管炎婴幼儿在确诊毛细支气管炎后3年内发生哮喘的情况，并分析可能影响哮喘发生的相关因素。方法：收集2016年8月至2019年8月在广西壮族自治区南溪山医院儿科住院并确诊毛细支气管炎的患者临床资料，随访调查患者在3年内患支气管哮喘的情况，并进行哮喘相关因素的Logistic回归分析。结果：重型毛细支气管炎和父母哮喘史的相对危险度(OR值)及其95%可信区间(95% CI)分别为OR值3.78 (95% CI 2.16~6.47)和OR值2.65 (95% CI 1.39~5.30)，而母乳喂养大于6个月为0.52 (95% CI 0.36~0.92)，且差异具有统计学意义(均P < 0.05)。结论：毛细支气管炎重型、父母哮喘史是毛细支气管炎患儿发生支气管哮喘的危险因素，而大于6个月的母乳喂养时间是影响哮喘发生的保护因素。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the occurrence of asthma in infants with bronchiolitis within 3 years after the diagnosis of bronchiolitis, and analyze the related factors that may affect the occurrence of asthma. Methods: The clinical data of the patients with bronchiolitis who were hospitalized in Nanxishan Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from August 2016 to August 2019 and diagnosed as bronchiolitis were collected. The patients were followed up to investigate the condi-tion of bronchial asthma in three years, and the Logistic regression analysis of asthma related fac-tors was carried out. Results: Odd risk (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of severe bron-chiolitis and parental asthma history were 3.78 (95% CI 2.16~6.47) and 2.65 (95% CI 1.39~5.30), respectively. The duration of breastfeeding more than 6 months was 0.52 (95% CI 0.36~0.92), and all the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Severe bronchiolitis and asthma history of parents are the risk factors for bronchial asthma in children with bronchiolitis, while breastfeeding time longer than 6 months is the protective factor for asthma.