笛卡尔的形而上学思想初探

A Preliminary Probe into Descartes’ Metaphysical Thought

摘要: 笛卡尔被视为近现代哲学史的开端，他通过普遍怀疑的方法找到了自己“形而上学”理论的基础，即“我思故我在”，接着他用“我思故我在”推演出灵魂与精神的存在，进而证明上帝的存在和灵魂不会随身体一起灭亡，完成了他的心物二元论，实现了他建立形而上学的目的。本文首先论述了笛卡尔形而上学思想的理论渊源，接着论述了笛卡尔形而上学思想的理论体系，最后论述了笛卡尔的形而上学理论对后世的影响。

Abstract: Descartes is regarded as the beginning of the history of modern philosophy. He found the basis of his “metaphysical” theory through the method of universal skepticism, that is, “I think, therefore I am”, and then he used “I think, therefore I am” to deduce the existence of the soul and spirit, and then proved that the existence of God and the soul will not perish with the body, completing his dualism of mind and matter, and achieving his purpose of establishing metaphysics. This article first discusses the theoretical origins of Descartes’ metaphysical thought, then discusses the theoretical system of Cartesian metaphysical thought, and finally discusses the influence of Descartes’ metaphysical theory on future generations.