美国红枫“秋火焰”组培快繁体系的研究

Study on Tissue Culture Technology of Acer rubrum “Autumn Blaze”

摘要: 以美国红枫“秋火焰”带腋芽嫩枝茎段为材料，进行了不同外植体采集时期、不同消毒方法、适宜启动培养基、增殖培养基、生根培养基、壮苗培养基及炼苗的研究，建立了美国红枫“秋火焰”的组培快繁体系。结果表明：1) 外植体在4、5月份取材较佳，最佳消毒方案是先用4%次氯酸钠消毒4 min，无菌水清洗1遍，再用2%次氯酸钠消毒4 min，污染率为11.11%。2) 适宜的启动培养基为：MS + 0.1 mg/L NAA + 1.0 mg/L 6-BA + 150 ml/L椰子水，抽芽率为19.44%。3) 最佳增殖培养基为：MS + 0.005 mg/L TDZ + 0.1 mg/L GA7，增值系数为3.14。4) 最佳壮苗培养基为：MS + 0.1 mg/L 6-BA + 0.1 mg/L GA7。5) 最佳的生根培养基为：MS + 0.2 mg/L IBA，生根率为100%。本快繁体系为规模化生产美国红枫“秋火焰”奠定了基础。

Abstract: Taking the stem segments with axillary buds of Acer rubrum “Autumn Blaze” as materials, different explants collection periods, different disinfection methods, suitable starting medium, proliferation medium, rooting medium, strong seedling medium and acclimatization were studied, and the tissue culture rapid propagation system of Acer rubrum “Autumn Blaze” was established. The results showed that: 1) The best time to draw the material from the “Autumn Blaze” was April and May. And the best disinfection scheme is to disinfect with 4% NaClO for 4 min, wash with sterile water once, and then disinfect with 2% NaClO for 4 min, and the pollution rate was 11.11%. 2) The starting medium formula was MS + 0.1 mg∙L⁻¹ NAA + 1.0 mg∙L⁻¹ 6-BA + 150 ml∙L⁻¹ Coconut water, and the germination rate was 19.44%. 3) The optimal multiplication medium was: MS + 0.005 mg∙L⁻¹ TDZ + 0.1 mg∙L⁻¹ GA7, and the propagation ratio was 3.14. 4) The optimal strong seedling culture medium was: MS + 0.1 mg∙L⁻¹ 6-BA + 0.1 mg∙L⁻¹ GA7. 5) The optimal rooting medium was: MS + 0.2 mg∙L⁻¹ IBA, and the rooting rate was 100%. This rapid propagation system has laid the foundation for the large-scale production of Acer rubrum “Autumn Blaze”.