论马克思的人学革命

On Marx’s Revolution in Human Studies

摘要: 反思人自身及其存在根据是哲学永恒的话题，也是人类文明接续发展不可回避的问题。传统哲学在实体思维之上构建起的人学观是一种抽象的人学，遮蔽了人的现实生活，并未真正说明人的本质。在这一种实体思维引领下传统人学观走向了终结。克服传统的实体思维去寻求真正的“存在”，进而开辟一条关于人学的正确道路成为了马克思的使命。马克思以注重人的生命实践活动为原则瓦解了建立在实体思维上的传统观念，开辟了一场人学革命。本文从传统人学观、马克思对传统人学观的批判以及马克思的人学观三个方面对马克思的人学革命进行阐述。

Abstract: It is an eternal topic in philosophy to reflect on man himself and the basis of his existence. It is also an unavoidable problem in the continuous development of human civilization. The view of human studies built by traditional philosophy on the basis of substantive thinking is an abstract rational-ism of human studies, which covers the real life of human beings and does not really explain the nature of human beings. Under the guidance of this kind of entity thinking, the traditional view of human studies has come to an end. It is Marx’s mission to overcome the traditional entity thinking to seek the real “existence” and open up a correct way about human studies. Marx disintegrated the traditional ideas based on substantive thinking and opened up a revolution in human studies with the principle of paying attention to the practical activities of human life. This paper expounds Marx’s humanism revolution from three aspects: traditional humanism view, Marx’s criticism of traditional humanism view and Marx’s humanism view.