肝两型包虫病的诊断与治疗

Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatic Hydatid Types

摘要: 肝包虫病，又名肝棘球蚴病，是一种古老的人兽共患性寄生虫病，广泛分布于全世界的各个地区，在非洲、南美洲、欧洲、亚洲分布较多，我国主要分布在西北与西南地区。包虫病的好发部位是肝脏，其次是肺脏，偶可见于脾、脑、肾及心脏等器官。人体肝包虫病主要有2种类型，即由细粒棘球绦虫的虫卵感染所致囊型包虫病和由多房棘球绦虫的虫卵感染所致泡型包虫病。肝包虫病存在进展缓慢、前期不易被自身察觉的特点，诊断方法主要包括免疫学检测和影像学检查，治疗方法主要包括药物、经皮治疗与外科手术治疗。包虫病被世卫组织列为2050年控制或消除的17种疾病之一。本文就CE与AE的诊断与治疗方面的异同点进行汇总阐述，以期为今后科学防治此病，降低此病易感率，献计献策。

Abstract: Hepatic hydatid disease, also known as hepatic echinococcosis, is an ancient zoonotic parasitic dis-ease that is widely distributed in various regions of the world, and is widely distributed in Africa, South America, Europe, and Asia, mainly distributed in the northwest and southwest regions in China. The most common site of hydatid disease is the liver, followed by the lungs, and occasionally in the spleen, brain, kidney and heart. There are two main types of hepatic hydatid disease in hu-mans, cystic hydatid disease caused by Echinococcus granulosus eggs infection and vesicular hyda-tid disease caused by Echinococcus multilocularis egg infection. Hepatic hydatid disease develops slowly, and the early symptoms are difficult to detect. The diagnosis mainly relies on imaging ex-aminations and immunological tests. The treatment methods mainly include drug therapy, percu-taneous therapy and surgery. The World Health Organization lists hydatid disease as one of 17 dis-eases to be controlled or eliminated by 2050. The author of this paper summarizes and expounds the similarities and differences in the diagnosis and treatment of CE and AE, in order to provide suggestions for scientific prevention and treatment of this disease in the future, reducing the sus-ceptibility rate of this disease.