外泌体及其microRNA与血管性认知障碍的研究进展
Research Progress of Exosomes and microRNA in Vascular Cognitive Impairment
DOI: 10.12677/ACM.2022.12111444, PDF,   
作者: 陈 超：济宁医学院临床医学院，山东 济宁；靳 峰*：济宁医学院附属医院神经外科，山东 济宁
关键词: 外泌体；microRNAs；血管性认知功能障碍；研究进展；Exosomes； microRNAs； Vascular Cognitive Impairment； Research Progress
摘要: 外泌体是一种细胞外囊泡，可将各种物质(如RNA、DNA和蛋白质)从供体细胞传递到受体细胞，并在细胞间通讯中发挥重要作用。血管性认知障碍(vascular cognitive impairment, VCI)指的是由脑血管及其相关危险因素导致的从轻度认知障碍到痴呆的一大类疾病。据估计VCI患者占痴呆总人数的15%~30%。随着人口老龄化的到来，VCI的发病率逐年增高，而控制心血管危险因素如高血压病、糖尿病、高脂血症、吸烟等仍是预防VCI的主要手段。慢性脑血流量(CBF)失调是VCI最常见的潜在机制。而外泌体在脑卒中和神经修复等过程中发挥着重要作用。本文就外泌体及其microRNAs在VCI的作用机制、诊断及治疗中的研究进展进行综述，以期为VCI的早期预防、病情诊断及治疗提供帮助。
Abstract: Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that transfer various substances (such as RNA, DNA and pro-teins) from donor cells to recipient cells and play an important role in intercellular communication. Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is a kind of disease from mild cognitive impairment to demen-tia caused by cerebrovascular disease and its related risk factors. It is estimated that VCI patients account for 15%~30% of the total number of dementia. With the advent of an aging population, the incidence of VCI has increased year by year, and the control of cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, smoking is still the main means of prevention of VCI. Chronic cerebral blood flow (CBF) disorder is the most common underlying mechanism of VCI. Exo-somes play an important role in stroke and nerve repair. This article reviews the research progress of exosomes and their microRNAs in the mechanism, diagnosis and treatment of VCI, in order to provide help for the early prevention, diagnosis and treatment of VCI.
文章引用：陈超, 靳峰. 外泌体及其microRNA与血管性认知障碍的研究进展[J]. 临床医学进展, 2022, 12(11): 10012-10018. https://doi.org/10.12677/ACM.2022.12111444

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