强迫个体对威胁刺激注意偏向的时间进程：来自眼动的证据

Time Course of Attentional Bias towards Threat Stimuli in Obsessive-Compulsive Individuals: Evidence from Eye Movement Studies

摘要: 对威胁刺激的注意偏向可能是强迫症状发生和维持的重要因素。近十年来，研究者借助眼动技术考察了强迫个体对威胁刺激注意偏向的内在机制。综述已有的眼动研究发现：尽管注意偏向三个成分的存在受眼动指标的选取、威胁的呈现形式、呈现时间等因素的影响，但总体上，强迫个体对威胁刺激注意偏向表现为早期注意易化、早期脱离困难、总体注意维持和晚期注意回避的动态时间进程。未来的眼动研究需注意眼动指标与威胁刺激的选取、以注意偏向的整合模型为出发点，重点考察较长时间进程中强迫个体对症状相关威胁的注意偏向。

Abstract: Attentional bias towards threat may be an important factor in the occurrence and maintenance of obsessive-compulsive symptoms. In the past decade, researchers have investigated the mechanism of attentional bias towards threat by using eye movement technology. The existence of the three components of attention bias is influenced by the selection of eye movement index, the presentation form of threat, and the presentation time. However, the attentional bias of obsessive-compulsive individuals to threat showed a dynamic time course of early facilitated attention, early difficulty in attention disengagement, overall attention maintenance, and late attentional avoidance. Future researches should pay attention to the selection of eye movement indicators and threat stimuli, take the integration model as the starting point, and focus on the dynamic attention bias of obsessive-compulsive individuals to symptom-related threat stimuli over a long time course.