多模态口译研究：回顾与展望

Multimodal Interpreting Studies: A State-of-the-Art Review and Prospects

摘要: 口译活动中参与者在互动过程中会使用多种符号资源进行意义建构。传统的口译研究较多关注口译活动中语言层面的信息，对副语言及非语言层面信息，如眼神、手势等对意义建构和交际互动有重要作用的多模态符号关注不足。本文采用文献分析法，选取近十年发表于国内外核心期刊的多模态口译研究相关文献、书籍篇章、学位论文共33篇，进行归纳和分析。研究发现，近十年来，国内多模态口译研究主要关注多模态与口译教学、多模态信息输入与口译员认知负荷，以及多模态口译语料库建设三大主题，取得了重要成果，但也存在实证性不足、理论探讨不够深入的问题。国外研究多针对对话口译展开实证研究，语言对较为丰富，社区口译的三大领域(教育、医疗和法律)都有所涉及，研究涉及的多模态符号类型丰富，但多模态口译理论及方法论相关研究仍然不足。本文基于对国内外多模态口译研究现状的回顾，探讨多模态口译研究的未来发展趋势，以期促进多模态口译研究的进一步发展。

Abstract: Meaning-making in interpreter-mediated interactions is achieved by participants through the use of different semiotics. Previous research on interpreting has paid much attention to the linguistic aspect of interpreter-mediated interactions. Para-linguistic and non-linguistic information, such as gaze, gesture, and posture, though plays an important role in the meaning-making process, is rarely studied. Adopting the literature analysis method, this paper reviews 33 Chinese and English book chapters, dissertations, and research articles published in core international and domestic journals in the last decade. It is found that multimodal interpreting studies in China mainly focus on three themes, namely, multimodality and interpreter training, multimodal information input and interpreter’s cognitive load, and the development of multimodal interpreting corpus. Although domestic studies have achieved some fruitful results, empirical research studies have been lacking and little has been conducted in developing theoretical framework and appropriate methodology for multimodal studies on interpreter-mediated interactions. Research studies abroad mostly take the empirical approach and examine the process of dialogue interpreting, covering a variety of non-linguistic information and language pairs. Major public service or community interpreting settings, such as educational, medical, and legal settings, have been explored. But likewise, there is also a lack of theoretical and methodological studies. Finally, based on the state-of-the-art of domestic and international research, this paper outlines the prospects of multimodal interpreting research, which have some implications for further development in the field.