细菌电化学检测及应用

Electrochemical-Based Detection of Bacteria

摘要: 细菌感染是公共卫生领域面临严重挑战之一，而且由于抗生素的滥用导致的细菌耐药性的现象也越来越严重。因此发展一种快速、灵敏度高，选择性好的细菌检测方法对细菌干扰的处理具有重要意义。电化学传感器成本低廉、能耗低、易于自动化及微型化等内在优势使其具备快速、定量对细菌进行检测的优势，尤其可以通过与微流控技术、纳米技术等集成发展用于复杂样本的现场、快速及高灵敏检测。该综述主要从电化学生物传感器、微流控芯片和纳米通道等三个方面对细菌电化学检测的近年来的进展进行了系统概述。

Abstract: Bacterial infection has been regarded as one of main challenges in public health field. However, beyond infection, antibiotic resistance of bacteria results in medical inefficiency and chronic infections due to misusing in antimicrobial drugs. Therefore, developing a bacterial identification that could rapidly distinguish different bacterial species with high sensitivity and selectivity guides the treatment of bacterial infection. Electrochemical-based bacterial detection holds considerable promise for low-cost monitoring bacterial growth and analyzing bacterial species with miniaturization devices in complex samples. In this review, recent advances in electrochemical-based bacterial detections are discussed from electrochemical sensors, microfluidic method, and nanofluidic method and debated future trends of electrochemical-based methods.