不同播种时间对小麦生长及产量影响分析

Analysis of the Effect of Different Sowing Date on Growth and Yield of Wheat

摘要: 针对强秋淋天气造成的小麦播期延迟情况，通过对正常播期与晚播小麦生长发育、群体状况、产量构成因素及产量的跟踪调查发现，随着播种时间推迟，小麦出苗时间延长，全生育期天数缩短，单株发育弱，群体少；有效穗数和穗粒数减少，产量下降。总结出西安地区小麦适期晚播的时间为10月23日前。10月25日以后播种的小麦要适当增加播量、增施磷肥，加强冬早春、春季及中后期管理，实现小麦适播增产、晚播不减产或少减产。

Abstract: In view of the delay of wheat sowing date caused by strong autumn rain weather, through investigation of wheat at different sowing dates, we found that with the delay of sowing time, the time of wheat emergence was prolonged and the life period was shorten and weak development of single plant and small population and reduction of effective panicles and grains per panicle and wheat yield. In order to obtain high yield of wheat, suitable sowing time of wheat in Xi’an is before October 23th. To achieve wheat yield increase by suitable sowing and no or less yield reduction by late sowing, wheat sown after October 25th needs to increase the sowing rate and phosphate fertilizer and to strengthen field management in winter, early spring and middle and late spring.