昆明方言语气词“嘎”承载疑问信息的声学研究

An Acoustic Study on the Interrogative Information of the Modal Word “Ga” in Kunming Dialect

摘要: 本文用声学实验的方法考察了昆明方言中“嘎”字疑问句和非“嘎”疑问句的基频表现，实验表明语气词“嘎”只是负载了部分疑问语气意义，另一部分语气意义是由语调负载的。此外，还考察了语气词“嘎”在陈述句中和在疑问句中的基频值，发现“嘎”字在疑问句中的基频值大于在陈述句中的基频值，指出在“嘎”字疑问句中虽然语气词“嘎”和语调都承载了疑问信息，但语调承载的疑问信息更多。并用听辨感知实验进一步证实了“嘎”字只具有承载小部分疑问信息的功能。

Abstract: This paper investigated the fundamental frequency expression of the question and non-question of Ga in Kunming dialect by acoustic experiment. The experiment showed that the modal word Ga only carries part of the interrogative meaning, and the other part of the modal meaning is carried by intonation. In addition, the fundamental frequency value of the modal word “Ga” in the declarative sentence and in the interrogative sentence is investigated, and it has been found that the fundamental frequency value of the word “Ga” in the interrogative sentence is higher than that in the declarative sentence. It has been pointed out that although the modal word “Ga” and the intonation both carry the interrogative information, the intonation carries more interrogative information. It has been further confirmed that the word “Ga” can only carry a small part of the question information by the experiment of hearing and discrimination perception.