绿柱石的研究现状及地质意义

Research Status and Geological Significance of Beryl

摘要: 绿柱石是一种含稀有金属铍的六方环状铝硅酸盐矿物，是金属铍的重要矿物来源，更是国家战略性关键矿产资源。天然纯净的绿柱石化学式为Be₃Al₂[Si₆O₁₈]，呈无色透明状。绿柱石中常含有Cr、Fe、Ti、V、Mn等元素。在自然界中，绿柱石是相对罕见的，因为Be元素的缺乏，Be往往集中在大陆地壳的岩石中，如花岗岩、伟晶岩、黑色页岩以及它们的变质等价物。文章以绿柱石的地质背景还有结构颜色成因方面对绿柱石做一个综述。本文针对前人研究成果进行了系统的梳理总结，阐明绿柱石的地质背景、结构颜色成因等研究现状。

Abstract: Beryl is a kind of hexagonal ring aluminosilicate mineral containing rare metal beryllium. The chemical formula of natural and pure beryl is Be₃Al₂[Si₆O₁₈], which is colorless and transparent. Beryl often contains Cr, Fe, Ti, V, Mn and other elements. Beryl is relatively rare because of the lack of Be, which tends to Be concentrated in rocks in the continental crust, such as granite, peg-matite, black shale, and their metamorphic equivalents. In this paper, the geological background and structural color origin of beryl are reviewed. In this paper, the previous research results are systematically summarized, and the geological background and the cause of structural color of beryl are clarified.