基于POI的城市基础教育资源空间分布特征研究——以湘潭市主城区为例

Research on the Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Urban Basic Educational Based on POI—Taking Main Urban Area of Xiangtan as an Example

摘要: 基础教育资源的空间布局深刻影响教育公平与社会发展。基础教育资源的合理布局有利于促进教育公平，提升资源利用效率，是提升教育质量的基础。以湘潭市主城区雨湖区、岳塘区两区九类兴趣点(包括公共服务、居住)数据为基础，运用标准差椭圆分析、核密度分析及空间相关性分析等方法，对基础教育空间分布特征进行研究。结果发现：1) 湘潭市主城区中学校分布呈“西北–东南”走向；2) 与其他设施相比，基础教育资源具有明显的局部集聚、总体散布的特征；3) 基础教育资源与其他设施不存在显著关联，其中与住宅布局联系最为紧密；4) 各类设施之间在空间分布上存在较强相关性，其中商务住宅与交通设施相关性最高。

Abstract: The spatial distribution of basic educational resources has a deep impact on the educational equity and social development. The rational distribution of basic education resources is conducive to promoting education fairness and improving the efficiency of resource utilization, which is the basis for improving the quality of education. Based on the data of nine types of interest points (including public service and residence) in Yuhu District and Yuetang District, the main urban area of Xiangtan City, the spatial distribution characteristics of basic education resources are studied by using the methods of standard deviation ellipse analysis, nuclear density analysis and spatial correlation analysis. The results showed that: 1) The schools in the main urban area of Xiangtan City are distributed in a “northwest southeast” trend; 2) Compared with other facilities, basic education resources have obvious characteristics of gathering locally and dispersing as a whole; 3) There is no significant relationship between basic education resources and other facilities, among which it is most closely related to residential layout; 4) There is a strong correlation in the spatial distribution of various facilities, among which business residences have the highest correlation with transportation facilities.