打破“机器神话”的尝试——论芒福德的技术哲学思想

An attempt to break Down the “Machine myth”—On Mumford’s Philosophy of Technology

摘要: 刘易斯·芒福德是人文主义技术哲学创始人。他以独特的视角从技术史走上技术哲学的研究道路。从历史学角度他把技术划分为：始生代技术、古生代技术和新生代技术三种形态，从人类学角度把技术进一步划分为：多元技术和单元技术，以此来阐发对技术与人性之间关系的思考。针对机械化技术代替了以往以人的生命为中心的身体技术现象，芒福德站在人类生命技术的立场试图通过破除“机器神话”来使人的本性得到解放。

Abstract: Mumford was the founder of the humanistic philosophy of technology. He studied the history of technology from an unique perspective. From the perspective of history, he divided technology into three forms: initial Mesozoic technology, Paleozoic technology and new generation technology. From the perspective of anthropology, technology was further divided into multiple technology and unit technology, so as to think on the relationship between technology and human nature. In view of the mechanized technology replacing the previous body technology centered on human life, Mumford stands on the standpoint of human life technology and tries to liberate human nature by breaking down the “machine myth”.