普特南实在论视域下地方性知识的现实意义

The Practical Significance of LocalKnowledge from the Perspective ofPutnam’s Realism

摘要: 普特南的哲学思想是围绕着实在论所展开的，他揭示出形而上学实在论的深层矛盾——二律背反，并明确的反对，同时对语言和文化的多元性表示支持。因此本文将以普特南的实在论视角对地方性知识进行研究，通过对其两者的内在联系研究，以共同反对普遍性知识为基础，发掘出地方性知识在实在论层面所具有的合理性和事实价值等特征。突出地方性知识的历史价值，在宏观的认识论层面，坚持科学知识的地方性，消解传统科学观念中核心的“逻各斯中心主义”。承认科学的直接目标是以客观真理性为体系，不断扩展对物质世界运行规律的认识，并且强调具体实践的地方性和语境性。只有将知识的地方性与普遍性同时考虑，并有机的结合起来形成一种合理的知识观。

Abstract: Putnam’s philosophical thought is carried out around the realism. He reveals the deep contradiction of metaphysical realism—antinomies, and clearly opposes it. At the same time, he supports the pluralism of language and culture. Therefore, this paper will study local knowledge from Putnam’s realism perspective, and through the study of the internal relationship between them, based on the common opposition to universal knowledge, explore the rationality and factual value of local knowledge in the level of realism. To highlight the historical value of local knowledge, adhere to the local nature of scientific knowledge at the level of macro epistemology, and dispel the “logos centrism” at the core of traditional scientific ideas. The direct goal of recognition science is to take objective truth as the system, constantly expand the understanding of the operating laws of the material world, and emphasize the local and contextual nature of specific practices. Only when the locality and universality of knowledge are considered at the same time, and an organic combination is formed to form a reasonable view of knowledge.