非法经营罪与罪刑法定原则的冲突问题研究

Research on the Conflict between Crime of Illegal Business Operations and the Principle of Legality

摘要: 非法经营罪的前身乃投机倒把罪，经过修改后依旧存在着空白罪状和兜底条款，一直遭受着“口袋罪”的诟病，可以说其存在就是对罪刑法定原则的挑战，但这并不能成为取消设立该罪的原因。该罪名的存在具有正当性，是刑法对于不断出现的新兴经营模式可以进行合理干预的依据。因此，当下最重要的是从刑法解释学出发，在两者的冲突中更好地理解和把握非法经营罪的内涵。本文围绕该主题并结合司法判例详细讨论了以下四个问题：(一) 法经营罪的刑行交叉问题，以更好把握对该罪中的“违反国家规定”的理解；(二) “扰乱市场秩序”的认定；(三) “情节严重”的认定标准；(四) 刑法在市场经济中的立场。希望通过以上讨论来厘清非法经营罪与罪刑法定原则的关系。

Abstract: The predecessor of crime of illegal business operations is crime of speculation. After modification, there are still blank facts and transparency provisions in it, and it has been criticized as “a pocket crime”. Its existence is a challenge to the principle of legality, but this cannot be the reason to cancel the establishment of this crime. The existence of the crime is legitimate, which is the basis for crim-inal law to legitimately intervene in the constantly emerging business model. Thus, the most im-portant thing at present is to better understand and grasp the connotation of crime of illegal busi-ness from the perspective of criminal hermeneutics. Centering on this theme and combining judicial precedents, this paper discusses the following four problems in detail: 1) The intersection of crimi-nal law and administrative regulations of crime of illegal business operations, in order to better understand “in violation of State regulations” in this crime; 2) The identification of “disrupt market order”; 3) The identification standard of “serious nature”; 4) The position of criminal law in market economy, hoping through the above discussion to clarify the relationship between crime of illegal business operations and the principle of legality.