精神分裂症患者肠道菌群与认知功能的关系研究进展

Research Progress on the Relationship between Intestinal Flora and Cognitive Func-tion in Patients with Schizophrenia

摘要: 精神分裂症(Schizophrenia, SCZ)是临床常见的精神疾病，认知缺陷是造成SCZ患者社会功能受损的重要因素。探索SCZ认知缺陷的发病原因及其病理机制，对改善患者认知功能，提高患者患病后的社会功能具有重要意义。近年来，“脑–肠轴”的发现表明肠道微生物与大脑存在双向调节的作用。肠道微生物的紊乱在SCZ的发病过程中发挥了重要的作用，且与SCZ患者的认知损害密切相关。肠道微生物或可成为干预SCZ认知缺陷的潜在治疗靶点。本文将对SCZ患者肠道微生物与认知功能关系的研究进行综述，详细介绍肠道微生物的特点，“脑–肠轴”的概念及作用，总结肠道微生物在SCZ的发病过程中发挥的作用，重点介绍SCZ患者肠道微生物与认知功能相关性的研究进展，为防治SCZ和改善SCZ患者认知功能提供新的思路。

Abstract: Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a common clinical mental illness, and cognitive deficits are important factors in impaired social functioning in SCZ patients. Exploring the pathogenesis and pathological mecha-nism of SCZ cognitive deficit is of great significance to improve patients’ cognitive function and im-prove their social function after illness. In recent years, the discovery of the “brain-gut axis” has shown that there is a two-way regulation between the gut microbiome and the brain. Disturbances of the Intestinal flora play an important role in the pathogenesis of SCZ and are closely related to cognitive impairment in SCZ patients. The gut microbiome may be a potential therapeutic target for SCZ cognitive deficits. This article will review the research on the relationship between Intestinal flora and cognitive function in SCZ patients, introduce in detail the characteristics of intestinal mi-crobes, the concept and role of “brain-gut axis”, summarize the role of intestinal microbes in the pathogenesis of SCZ, focus on the research progress of the correlation between intestinal microbes and cognitive function in SCZ patients, and provide new ideas for preventing SCZ and improving cognitive function in SCZ patients.