抗菌生物材料在骨感染中应用的研究进展

Research Progress on the Application of Antibacterial Biomaterials in Bone Infection

摘要: 骨感染是目前骨科常见并且难以治愈的疾病。其主要的病原菌是金黄色葡萄球菌，感染过程中主要特征是生物膜的形成，这也是病菌难清除的主要原因。骨感染常常伴有骨缺损，这需要有创手术并可能发生反复感染，这给病人带来了极大的痛苦。新兴的抗菌生物材料因其良好的生物相容性及抗菌能力而受到关注。利用3D打印技术和金属离子、纳米材料、水凝胶等物质的结合可以生产出不同的抗菌生物材料。这些材料有着不俗的抗菌能力但也有着明显的缺点。本文主要对负载金属涂层的抗菌植入物、灌注抗生素的支架及抗菌水凝胶进行了简要说明。

Abstract: Bone infection is a common and difficult disease in orthopedics department. The main pathogen is Staphylococcus aureus, and the main feature of the infection process is the formation of biofilm, which is also the main reason for the difficult removal of bacteria. Bone infections are often accom-panied by bone defects that require invasive surgery and can lead to repeated infections, which can be extremely painful for patients. The emerging antibacterial biomaterials have more attention because of their good biocompatibility and antibacterial ability. Different antibacterial biomaterials can be produced by combining 3D printing technology with metal ions, nanomaterials, hydrogels and other substances. These materials have excellent antibacterial properties but also have obvious disadvantages. In this paper, antibacterial implants loaded with metal coating, stents infused with antibiotics and antibacterial hydrogels were briefly described.