共同富裕示范区背景下缩小城乡收入差距的影响因素

Influential Factors of Lessoning the Wage Gap between the Urban and Rural Areas under the Example of the Demonstration Area of Common Prosperity

摘要: 目前各地区的发展，东部地区较为发达，中部稳步向前，西部在“西部大开发”后快速发展，各地区的发展现状，硬件设施情况仍旧存在着较大的差异。作为共同富裕示范区的浙江省需要率先做好缩小城乡收入差距的工作，起好领头作用。本文根据浙江省2010~2015年的基尼系数以及2015~2020年的相对收入差距指数来描述浙江省近十几年来的城乡收入差距，结果发现，浙江省城乡收入差距一直较小且逐年递减，具有作为共同富裕示范区的资格。本文根据文献确定影响城乡收入差距的变量，并利用多元线性回归来探讨影响城乡收入差距的主要因素，并进行p值检验、平行性检验、异方差异性检验，结果发现：经济发展水平和产业结构高级化提高对降低城乡收入差距起抑制作用，就业结构提高对降低城乡收入差距起促进作用。最后针对性地对缩小城乡收入差距提出一些相关的对策建议，促进浙江省共同富裕的更好的发展。

Abstract: At present, the eastern region is relatively developed, the central region is moving forward steadily, and the western region is developing rapidly after the “Western Development”. The development status and hardware facilities of various regions are still quite different. As a demonstration area of common prosperity, Zhejiang Province needs to take the lead in narrowing the urban-rural income gap. This paper describes the urban-rural income gap in Zhejiang Province in recent ten years according to the Gini coefficient of Zhejiang Province from 2010 to 2015 and the relative income gap index from 2015 to 2020. The results show that the urban-rural income gap in Zhejiang Province has been small and decreasing year by year, which qualifies it as a demonstration area of common prosperity. Based on the literature, this paper determines the variables that affect the urban-rural income gap, and uses multiple linear regression to explore the main factors that affect the urban-rural income gap, and conducts p-value test, parallelism test, and variance test. The results show that the improvement of economic development level and industrial structure plays a restraining role in reducing the urban-rural income gap, and the improvement of employment structure plays a promoting role in reducing the urban-rural income gap. Finally, it puts forward some relevant countermeasures and suggestions to narrow the urban-rural income gap, so as to promote the better development of common prosperity in Zhejiang Province.