髓内钉治疗肱骨近端骨折的临床研究进展

Clinical Research Progress of Intramedullary Nail in the Treatment of Proximal Humeral Fracture

摘要: 肱骨近端骨折为肩部骨折中常见的骨折类型，是一种较为复杂的骨折，随着人口老龄化，其发生率逐年增高。目前临床上治疗肱骨近端骨折的主要内固定方式是锁定钢板内固定，其治疗肱骨近端骨折中的某些骨折类型疗效尚可，但其固定方式和术后并发症较多等常引起临床医师使用和操作时的犹豫。近几年随着髓内钉的不断发展，其临床应用也逐渐增多，并且显示出了诸多优点和良好的临床疗效，成为了临床医师治疗肱骨近端骨折时的一种良好的选择。因此，该综述重点阐述了髓内钉的特点及优势、手术入路及注意事项、临床疗效与并发症，旨在为临床工作者更好地了解与使用髓内钉来治疗肱骨近端骨折。

Abstract: Proximal humeral fracture is a common type of shoulder fracture, which is a more complex fracture. With the aging of the population, its incidence is increasing year by year. At present, locking plate internal fixation is the main internal fixation method for the treatment of proximal humeral frac-tures. The curative effect of locking plate internal fixation in the treatment of some types of proxi-mal humeral fractures is acceptable, but its fixation method and postoperative complications often cause clinicians’ hesitation in the use and operation. In recent years, with the continuous develop-ment of intramedullary nail, its clinical application is also gradually increasing, and shows many advantages and good clinical efficacy, has become a good choice for clinicians in the treatment of proximal humeral fractures. Therefore, this review focuses on the characteristics and advantages of intramedullary nail, surgical approaches and techniques, clinical efficacy and complications, in or-der to better understand and use intramedullary nail for the treatment of proximal humeral frac-tures.