沿海城市河流鱼类生境适宜度季节特性分析

The Analysis of Seasonal Characteristics of Fish Habitat Suitability in Coastal Urban Rivers

摘要: 为研究沿海城市河流不同季度下鱼类生境适宜度，在逛荡河设置12个采样点，于2019年1月至10月进行了四次采样工作，并采用生境调研表记录河流周边状况。筛选出了流速(V)、水深(Dep)、底质(Sub)、溶解氧(DO)、氨氮(NH₃-N)、护坡植被(Veg)、水岸交接(Bank)七个环境因子，作为耐受性鱼类鲫鱼在不同季节的生境适宜度(SI)评估的依据，用以表征沿海城市河流的生态健康状况，揭示目标鱼类对水环境因子的响应机制。由此建立沿海城市河流生态健康模型，进一步评价沿海城市河流生态健康。研究表明，鲫鱼生境适宜度受到逛荡河DO和NH3-N等水质因子的影响大，这对沿海城市水体水环境深化改善及生态健康修复具有重要的理论和实际指导意义。

Abstract: In order to study the fish habitat suitability of coastal urban rivers in different seasons, 12 sampling sites were set up in Guangdang River, and four sampling operations were conducted from January to October 2019, the habitat investigation table was used to record the condition of the river. The article screens out the factors, such as flow velocity (V), water depth (Dep), substrate (Sub), dissolved oxygen (DO), ammonia nitrogen (NH₃-N), slope protection vegetation (Veg), and waterside transfer (Tra), as indicators for the assessment of habitat suitability (SI) in different seasons for different life stages of Crucian carp in the Guangdang river. It can be used to characterize the ecological health status of coastal rivers and reveal the response mechanism of target fish to water environmental factors. Therefore, the river ecological health model of coastal cities was established to further evaluate the river ecological health of coastal cities. The results showed that the habitat suitability of Crucian carp was influenced by DO and NH3-N, which had important theoretical and practical significance for water environment improvement and ecological health restoration in coastal cities.