韧性视角下乡村遗产地空间实践与适应性重构——以清西陵为例

Spatial Practice and Adaptive Reconstruction of Rural Heritage Sites from the Perspective of Resilience—Taking Western Royal Tombs of the Qing Dynasty as an Example

摘要: 面临快速变化的内外环境，韧性作为区域固有属性蕴含在区域演化的过程中，是地方历史遗产和外界环境影响而不断自我强化表现出的路径依赖。本文以世界文化遗产地——清西陵为例，以行动者网络理论为分析框架解析政府、企业、村民等多元利益主体在遗产旅游地发展过程中的关系网络，研究发现，清西陵遗产旅游地形成以管委会为关键行动者，其他利益主体协同参与的格局，基于地方性知识衍生出特有的经济、社会、文化和生态韧性。基于此，本文提出了乡村遗产地在重构过程中的韧性发展模式，以期为国内遗产旅游目的地的可持续发展提供经验参考。

Abstract: Faced with the rapidly changing internal and external environment, resilience, as an inherent attribute of a region, is contained in the process of regional evolution, and is a path dependence that is constantly self-reinforcing under the influence of local historical heritage and external environment. This paper takes the Western Tombs of the Qing Dynasty, a world cultural heritage site, as an example and uses the actor network theory as an analytical framework to analyze the relationship network of the government, enterprises, villagers and other multi-stakeholders in the development of heritage tourism sites. The study found that the Western Tombs of the Qing Dynasty heritage tourism sites formed a pattern in which the management committee was the key actor, and other stakeholders participated in coordination. Based on local knowledge, unique economic, social, cultural and ecological resilience was derived. Based on this, this paper proposes a resilient development model of rural heritage sites in the process of reconstruction, with a view to providing experience and reference for the sustainable development of domestic heritage tourism destinations.